“以人为本”视域下鼻内镜术后鼻腔填塞患者舒适护理研究进展

曹媛 张亚萍 孙振 高下

[摘要] 鼻腔填塞引起的疼痛、口干等不适是影响鼻内镜术后患者舒适度的重要原因，本文就“以人为本”视域下，近年来关于鼻腔填塞患者与舒适相关的护理研究及其进展进行综述，主要包括鼻腔填塞材料的种类和选择、提高鼻腔填塞耐受性的措施、鼻腔填塞疼痛的评估和护理，为临床护理人员在生物-心理-社会医学模式下不断强化“以人为本”的护理理念，以患者需求为导向，采取科学、有效的护理措施减轻患者的痛苦、提高舒适度及生活质量、促进康复、提升护理满意度提供参考。

[关键词] “以人为本”理念;鼻腔填塞;舒适护理;综述文献

[中图分类号] R762          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）08-0183-04

Research progress on comfortable nursing care of patients with nasal cavity packing after nasal endoscopy under people-oriented perspective

CAO Yuan   ZHANG Yaping   SUN Zhen   GAO Xia

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery， Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital， the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School， Nanjing 210008， China

[Abstract] Pain， dry mouth and other discomforts caused by nasal cavity packing are important reasons that affect the comfort of patients after endoscopic sinus surgery. This article reviews the research and progress of comfort-related nursing on patients with nasal cavity packing in recent years under the perspective of people-oriented， mainly including the types and selection of nasal cavity packing materials， measures to improve the tolerance of nasal cavity packing， and assessment and nursing care of nasal cavity packing pain. Under the bio-psycho-social medicine model for clinical nurses， this article aims to constantly strengthen the people-oriented nursing concept. Oriented by the needs of patients， this article also aims to provide references for taking scientific and effective nursing measures to alleviate the suffering of patients， improving comfort and quality of life， promoting rehabilitation， and improving nursing satisfaction.

[Key words] People-oriented concept; Nasal cavity packing; Comfort nursing; Literature review

鼻內镜手术因其可在直视下彻底清除病变组织、重建鼻腔结构、改善鼻腔鼻窦通气引流，并最大限度地保留鼻腔正常的生理功能和组织结构，目前已成为广泛应用于鼻科领域的一种微创手术[1]。由于鼻、鼻窦解剖位置的特殊性，鼻内镜术后常需填塞鼻腔以压迫止血，鼻腔填塞不仅影响患者呼吸，同时还带来疼痛、口干、睡眠障碍等强烈不适，导致患者情绪紧张、焦虑[2]，不利于术后康复。“以人为本”的护理理念强调临床护理应坚持以患者为中心，以患者的需求为导向，住院环境、护理工作需与患者的需求保持最大程度的契合，最终使患者达到一种舒适的身心状态[3]。舒适护理就是“以人为本”护理理念的内涵体现。自1998年台湾潇丰富先生提出“潇氏……