斜叶黄檀精油脂质体的制备及其抑制黑色素合成的研究

周伟　何云侠　廖良坤　李艳　付调坤　李如一　李积华　阮榕生

摘  要：研究不同濃度斜叶黄檀精油（0、5、10、15、20 mg/L）对制备的脂质体稳定性及其抑制斑马鱼胚胎黑色素合成的影响。通过粒径、多分散系数、Zeta电位、包封率指标来表征斜叶黄檀精油脂质体，评价其在4 ℃下储藏4周的稳定性。结果发现，10 mg/L的斜叶黄檀精油脂质体在储藏过程中最为稳定，包封率达到最大，为45.10%±0.27%。斜叶黄檀精油脂质体可呈浓度依赖式的降低斑马鱼胚胎的酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素含量;20 mg/L的斜叶黄檀精油脂质体对斑马鱼胚胎的酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素含量的抑制作用与30 mg/L的斜叶黄檀精油的效果无显著差异。本研究构建了相对稳定的斜叶黄檀精油脂质体载体，研究了斜叶黄檀精油脂质体的褪黑效果，为斜叶黄檀精油脂质体作为皮肤增白剂的开发和利用提供了理论基础。

关键词：斜叶黄檀精油;脂质体;斑马鱼胚胎;黑色素;酪氨酸酶

中图分类号：S377      文献标识码：A

Preparation of Dalbergia pinnata （Lour.） Prain Essential Oil Piposomes and Its Inhibition on Melanin Synthesis

ZHOU Wei1，2，3， HE Yunxia2， LIAO Liangkun2，3， LI Yan4， FU Tiaokun2，3， LI Ruyi2，3， LI Jihua2，3*， RUAN Roger1

1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology / College of Food Science & Technology， Nanchang University， Nanchang， Jiangxi 330047， China; 2. Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Zhanjiang， Guangdong 524001， China; 3. Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage & Processing of Fruits and Vegetables， Zhanjiang， Guangdong 524001， China; 4. College of Tropical Crops， Yunnan Agricultural University， Puer， Yunnan 665099， China

Abstract： The effect of Dalbergia pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil concentrations （0， 5， 10， 15， 20 mg/L） on the stability of prepared liposomes and the inhibition of melanin synthesis in zebrafish embryos was studied. The stability of liposome was evaluated by particle size， PDI， Zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency at 4 ℃ for 4 weeks. The results showed that 10 mg/L liposomes were most stable during storage and the encapsulation efficiency reached the maximum 45.10%±0.27%. D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil liposome could reduce the tyrosinase activity and melanin content of zebrafish embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. And the inhibition of 20 mg/L D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil liposome on the tyrosinase activity and melanin content of zebrafish embryos was not significantly different from that of 30 mg/L D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil. In this paper， a relatively stable carrier of D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil was constructed， and the anti-melanogenesis effect of D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil liposome was studied， which would provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of D. pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil liposome as a skin whitening agent.

Keywords： Dalbergia pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil; liposome; zebrafish embryo; melanin; tyrosinase

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.03.037

斜叶黄檀[Dalbergia pinnata （Lour.） Prain]为豆科黄檀属植物，主产于广西、海南等地，其木质部富含丰富的芳香树脂，是有名的传统香料，与两粤黄檀一起被民间称为“降真香”。斜叶黄檀富含肉桂醛、榄香素等化合物，具有多种生物活性，能起到镇痛、消炎、止血的作用[1]。斜叶黄檀精油[Dalbergia pinnata （Lour.） Prain essential oil]是由斜叶黄檀经过萃取提炼而得，是其精华所在，亦可称作降真香精油[2]。研究表明，斜叶黄檀精油具有褪黑、抗菌、抗氧化等功效[3]。但斜葉黄檀精油与其他植物精油类似，是一种油状液体，具有易挥发，难溶于水，对温度、紫外线敏感，暴露在空气中易分解等缺点[4]，因此选择一种合适的载体技术包埋精油十分必要。……