藏羊包虫病流行病学调查及防治

摘要：包虫病是由寄生在犬科类动物小肠的细粒刺球绦虫的中绦期幼虫刺球蚴感染中间宿主牛、羊等动物而引起的一种危害严重的传染病。青海省是包虫病发生流行的高发省份，依托包虫病的流行特点，青海省制定包虫病的相应防治规划，加大包虫病的防治力度。为有效了解青海省默勒镇藏羊包虫病的流行现状，2018—2020年连续3年对当地送往县级屠宰场屠宰的羊群进行藏羊包虫病流行病学调查，3年藏羊包虫病的感染率分别为13.14%、6.49%、4.56%，感染率呈现下降趋势，显示当地动物防疫部门的努力成效，但依然存在不同程度的感染现象，需要继续采取措施加大防控。

关键词：藏羊包虫病;流行病学;调查;防治

中图分类号：S858.26          文献标识码：B        doi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.21.003

Epidemiological Investigation and Control of Hydatid Disease in Tibetan Sheep

Abstract：Hydatid disease is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the infection of echinococcus granulosus larvae in the small intestine of Canidae to intermediate host，cattle，sheep and other animals.Based on the epidemic characteristics of hydatid disease in Qinghai Province，the prevention and control plan of hydatid disease was made and the prevention and control of hydatid disease was strengthened.In order to effectively understand the epidemic situation of Tibetan sheep hydatid disease in mole town of Qinghai Province，an epidemiological investigation on Tibetan sheep hydatid disease was carried out for three years in 2018-2020，the infection rates of hydatid disease in Tibetan sheep were 13.14% ，6.49% and 4.56% respectively in the past three years，and the infection rates showed a downward trend，measures need to continue to be taken to strengthen prevention and control.

Keywords：hydatid disease of Tibetan sheep，epidemiology，investigation，control

引言

青海省默勒鎮是一个典型的藏羊养殖大镇，藏羊养殖产业在当地的畜牧养殖结构中扮演重要的角色。近年，随着当地的畜牧养殖产业不断调整，尽管规模化养殖产业得到不同程度的发展，但放牧养殖模式依然占据主导地位，由于农民对包虫病的知晓度相对较低，再加上受到文化限制，造成藏羊包虫病的防控措施难以落实到位，很多养殖户的防护积极性不强，养殖群体频繁感染该类疾病，带来严重的经济损失[1]。为更好地推动藏羊养殖产业的健康发展，当地部门划拨出专项资金，制定完善的防控方案，有效推动了藏羊包虫病，防控工作的高效开展。为进一步掌握青海省默勒镇藏羊包虫病的流行现状，于2018—2020年对当地送往县级屠宰场屠宰的藏羊进行包虫病调查，现将研究内容介绍如下。……