罗金妮 于庆波 韦梦祺 李佳利 杨贺续



摘 要:大气中二氧化碳(CO2)浓度的升高引发温室效应,CO2捕集是减缓温室效应的一种有效方式。固体吸附剂具有腐蚀性较弱、能耗较低等优势,对CO2捕集效果较好。固体吸附剂的种类比较多,一般情况下可将其分为高温吸附剂和低温吸附剂,本文将主要对这两种类型的固体吸附剂进行应用分析。首先分析高温材料吸附剂中氧化钙吸附剂、钴酸锂和硅酸锂吸附剂,然后分析低温吸附剂中多孔材料吸附剂中的活性炭吸附剂和分子筛吸附剂。不同吸附剂对CO2捕集的效果不同,为提高固体吸附剂的吸附效率和吸附量,需对固体吸附剂进行改性或者改善。
关键词:固体吸附剂;CO2捕集;应用
中图分类号:TQ424 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)05-0046-04
Application of Solid Adsorbent in CO2 Capture
Luo Jinni1,2, Yu Qingbo2, Wei Mengqi3, Li Jiali1, Yang Hexu1
(1. Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology, Shizuishan 753000, China; 2. Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China; 3. Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210000, China)
Abstract:The increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere triggers the greenhouse effect, and CO2 capture is an effective way to slow down the greenhouse effect. The solid adsorbent has the advantages of weak corrosiveness, low energy consumption, etc., and has a better CO2 capture effect. There are many types of solid adsorbents. Under normal circumstances, they can be divided into high-temperature material adsorbents and porous material adsorbents. The paper mainly analyzed the application of these two types of solid adsorbents. First, the calcium oxide adsorbent, lithium cobaltite and lithium silicate adsorbents in the adsorbent for high-temperature materials werre analyzed, and then the activated carbon adsorbent and molecular sieve adsorbent in the porous material adsorbent were analyzed. Different adsorbents have different effects on CO2 capture. In order to improve the adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity of solid adsorbents, it is necessary to modify or improve the solid adsorbent.
Key words:solid adsorbent; CO2 capture; application
為降低大气中CO2的含量,减缓温室效应,当今,已有多种方式对CO2进行捕集,其中固体吸附剂能够有效吸附CO2,并且具有节能、腐蚀性较低等优势,所以在当今CO2的捕集中具有广泛应用。CO2捕集主要有三种形式,分别为燃烧前捕集、富氧燃烧和燃烧后捕集,不同的捕集方式使用的固体吸附剂会存在差异[1]。本文将对固体吸附剂在CO2捕集中的应用进行分析。
CO2捕集有多种方式,如醇胺溶液吸收法,但这种方式存在的缺陷较多,CO2捕集的效率较低,且能耗高,即使该吸收法发展非常成熟,但是由于存在以上缺陷使得研究者们继续寻找更好的捕集方式[2]。固体吸附剂具有较弱的腐蚀性,而且能耗低,因其这些优势被研究者所重视,将其应用到CO2捕集中,具有很好的效果。……