四氟醚唑在我国的登记应用进展

2021-07-09 15:31:04刘刚田翠翠吕爱芹吴桂秋陈文英李美荣
天津农业科学 2021年4期

刘刚 田翠翠 吕爱芹 吴桂秋 陈文英 李美荣

摘    要:四氟醚唑属于高效低风险三唑类杀菌剂,应用前景广阔,但目前仅在我国水稻、草莓、黄瓜等5种作物上取得登记,在草莓、黄瓜中制定了最大残留限量。为促进四氟醚唑在我国得到更加规范、科学、广泛应用,根据其作用机制和特点,提出4个对策建议:一是加快高效异构体商品化开发应用;二是加强在粮棉油等大宗作物上的研究和登记;三是加强抗性风险监测,合理开发登记复配产品;四是制定其在我国更多食品中的最大残留限量。

关键词:四氟醚唑;农药登記;最大残留限量;抗药性

中图分类号: S482.2+7          文献标识码:A          DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.04.015

Abstract: Tetrafluoroetherazole is a kind of triazole fungicide with high efficiency and low risk, which has broad application prospects. However, it has only been registered in five crops in China, such as rice, strawberry and cucumber, and the maximum residue limits have been established in strawberry and cucumber. In order to promote the more standardized, scientific and extensive application of tetrafluoroetherazole in China, four countermeasures and suggestions were put forward according to its mechanism and characteristics: first, to accelerate the commercial development and application of efficient isomers; second, to strengthen the research and registration of staple crops such as grain, cotton and oil; third, to strengthen the monitoring of resistance risk and reasonably develop the registered compound products; fourth, to establish the maximum residue limits in more foods in China.

Key words: tetrafluoroetherazole; pesticide registration; MRLs; drug resistance

四氟醚唑属于新型高效三唑类杀菌剂,与环丙唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、氟环唑、叶菌唑、腈菌唑、丙环唑、氟喹唑、种菌唑等被列入欧盟替代产品名录的三唑类杀菌剂相比,安全性更加突出,市场应用前景更好[1-4]。2009—2014年全球市场复合增长率2.7%,销售额已超过己唑醇、三唑酮等品种[2,4]。四氟醚唑在我国的登记使用已经超过10年,但国内对其研究开发不够深入。为此,本研究对四氟醚唑在我国的登记现状、最大残留限量制定及研究应用情况、存在问题进行了系统梳理,并有针对性提出几点对策建议,期望为其在我国的良性发展提供参考。

1 四氟醚唑理化性质和杀菌机理

四氟醚唑又名氟醚唑,ISO通用名称:Tetraconazole,化学名称:(RS)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基1,1,2,2,-四氟乙基醚,CAS登录号:112281-77-3,分子式:C13H11Cl2F4N3O,结构式见图1,相对分子量:372.15。四氟醚唑纯品……

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