中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展的机制与推进路径研究

李在军 崔亚芹

摘    要：产业融合发展已成为推动中国冰雪旅游产业结构调整的有效手段。采用文献研究法，运用自组织理论分析了中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展的原理。中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展具有自组织耗散结构特征，这是产业融合发展的前提条件;同时中国冰雪旅游产业的特点、信息技术的创新、寻求范围经济、消费升级、政策引导这几個序参量的协同作用是推动中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展的动力，在中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展过程中起着重要作用。在此基础上，提出中国冰雪旅游产业融合发展的4条推进路径：促进形成冰雪旅游新业态、加大中国冰雪旅游产业政策落实与组织协调力度、鼓励中国冰雪旅游重点业态发展、加快中国冰雪旅游与信息技术的融合。以期为中国冰雪旅游产业与相关产业融合发展提供理论参考。

关键词：冰雪旅游产业;产业融合;自组织理论

中图分类号：G 80-052          学科代码：040301           文献标识码：A

Abstract：Industrial integration development has become an effective means to promote the optimization and development of ice and snow tourism industry in China. This paper analyzes the mechanism of the ice and snow tourism industry integration development with literature review and other research methods， as well as the self-organization theory. The ice and snow tourism industry integration development has the characteristics of self-organization dissipative structure， which is the precondition of the industry integration development. Meanwhile， the coordination of the five order parameters， such as the features of the ice and snow tourism industry， information technological innovation， seeking scope economy ， upgrade of consumption and guidance of government policy， are considered to be the driving force to promote the ice and snow tourism industry integration development， which plays an important role in the ice and snow tourism industry integration development. On this basis， this paper puts forward four ways to promote the ice and snow tourism industry integration development： to create the new type of ice and snow tourism industry; to enhance the ice and snow tourism industry policy and organizational coordination of government; to support the key project of ice and snow tourism industry; and to accelerate the integration of ice and snow tourism with information technology. The main purpose is to provide theoretical reference for the integration development of Chinas ice and snow tourism industry and related industries.

Keywords：ice and snow tourism industry; industry integration; self-organization theory

在北京2022年冬奥会的背景下，中国冰雪旅游业迎来了新的发展机遇期。2019年，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发的《关于以2022年北京冬奥会为契机大力发展冰雪运动的意见》中提出：“加快发展冰雪健身休闲产业，推动冰雪旅游产业发展，促进冰雪产业与相关产业深度融合，提供多样化产品和服务”[1]。据《中国冰雪旅游发展报告（2020）》中测算，在2018—2019年冰雪季，中国冰雪旅游人数达到2.24亿人次，收入约为3 860亿元，同比增长分别为13.7%、17.1%，预计到2022年北京冬奥会举办时中国冰雪旅游人数将达到3.4亿人次，收入将达到6 800亿元[2]。……