基于数据挖掘《中医方剂大辞典》治疗郁病的用药规律研究

刘新玉 葛鑫 刘源香

摘要 目的：基于“古今医案云平台（V1.6.3）”，整理分析《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗郁病的方剂，挖掘中医治疗郁病的用药规律。方法：收集《中医方剂大辞典》中主治郁病的方剂，采用古今医案云平台（V1.6.3）对治疗郁病的方剂从单味药频次、药对关联、功效、性味、聚类处方及结合临床辨证处方角度进行数据挖掘，分析用药规律。结果：共筛选出符合条件的方剂207首，包含药物285种，其中使用频次≥22次的药物有24味，使用频次前4位分别是甘草、茯苓、人参、当归;使用频次位于前3位的中药药对，依次为“茯苓、甘草”“人参、茯苓”“远志、人参”;治疗郁病的药物中，居首位的为具有宁心作用的药物，其次为具有安神益智、清热解毒、润肠通便等作用的药物;药物四气多以温、平为主;药物五味则以甘味最多，辛味次之;对使用频次前24位的中药聚类得出3个新处方。结论：中医治疗郁病，以宁心、安神益智为主要治法，并辅以理气、补虚、清热解毒、润肠通便类药物。

关键词 郁病;中医方剂大辞典;数据挖掘;方剂用药规律;古今医案云平台（V1.6.3）;文献研究

Abstract Objective：To sort out and analyze the prescriptions for the treatment of depression disease in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions，and to explore the medication rules of treating depression disease in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）.Methods：The prescriptions for treating depression disease in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions were collected，the “Cloud Platform of Ancient and Modern Medical Case（V1.6.3）” was used to conduct data mining on the prescriptions for treating depression disease from the perspectives of single drug frequency，drug pair correlation，efficacy，nature and flavor，clustering prescription，and clinical syndrome differentiation prescription，and to analyze the medication law.Results：A total of 207 prescriptions were selected，including 285 kinds of drugs，including 24 drugs with frequency ≥22 times.The top four prescriptions were Poria，Radix Glycyrrhizae，Radix Ginseng，Radix Angelicae Sinensis.The top 3 TCM pairs were Poria，Radix Glycyrrhizae，Radix Ginseng，Poria，Radix Polygalae，Radix Ginseng.Among the drugs for treating depression，the drug with the calming the heart effect is the first，followed by the drug with calming the mind，enriching the mind，clearing heat and detoxifying，and purifying the bowels; Most of the four qi of the medicine are warm and flat，while the five flavors of the medicine are sweet，followed by pungent; 3 new prescriptions were obtained by clustering the top 24 Chinese medicines.Conclusion：In the treatment of depression disease in TCM，the main method is to calm the heart and calm the mind，and to enrich the mind and benefit wisdom，supplemented by regulating qi，nourishing the deficiency，clearing heat and detoxifying，and moistening the bowels.

Keywords Depression disease; Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Dictionary; Data mining; Medication law of prescription; Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform（V1.6.3）; Literature research

中圖分类号：R242;R749文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.10.024

郁病是一种由于情志不舒、气机郁滞所导致的，以心情抑郁、情绪不宁、胸部满闷、胁肋胀痛，或易怒喜哭，或咽中如有物阻等症为主要临床表现的一类病症[1]。本病相当于现代医学的神经衰弱、抑郁症及焦虑症等精神心理疾病，具有高发病率、高复发率、高致残率及高自杀率等特点[2-3]，严重影响患者生命质量及社会功能。……