济南市生态地质环境质量综合评价

马雪莹 柳浩然 吴璇 姜晓芬

摘 要：黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展已上升为重大国家战略，济南作为黄河流域的中心城市，对其进行生态地质环境质量各因素间的协同机制的研究具有重要意义。通过对影响生态地质环境质量的自然地理、基础地质和生态条件等因素的分析，构建了一套适合于济南市的评价指标体系，并采用AHP层次分析法与线性加权相结合的综合分析方法对济南市生态地质环境各指标权重进行计算和叠加分析，得到济南市生态地质环境质量综合评价分区。结果表明：济南市生态地质环境质量优等区域占全区面积的18.43%，良好区域占52.00%，中等区域占27.58%，且多分布在中南部低山地区。该研究结果为黄河下游（济南段）生态地质环境保护与高质量发展提供了科学依据。

关键词：生态地质环境质量;层次分析法;济南市;GIS;黄河流域

中图分类号 P66文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）07-0145-04

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ecological Geological Environment Quality in Jinan City

MA Xueying et al.

（Shandong Provincal Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute， Jinan250014， China;Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment， Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources， Jinan 250014，China;Shandong Province Groundwater Environmental Protection and Rehabilitation Engineering Technology Research Center， Jinan250014， China）

Abstract： The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin has become a major national strategy. This paper takes Jinan as the study area， because Jinan is the central city of the Yellow River Basin. to study the synergetic mechanisms among the factors of eco-geological environment quality in Jinan. Through the analysis of factors such as physical geography， basic geology and ecological conditions that affect the ecological and geological environment quality， a set of evaluation index system suitable for Jinan was established. By using AHP analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of each index of ecological geological environment in Jinan， and combined with the superposition analysis in MAPGIS， the comprehensive evaluation zone of ecological geological environment quality in Jinan was obtained. The results showed that the areas with excellent ecological geological environment quality accounted for 18.43%， the areas with good ecological geological environment quality accounted for 52.00% and the areas with medium ecological geological environment quality accounted for 27.58% of the total area， and most of them were distributed in the low-mountain areas in the middle and southern parts of Jinan. The research results provide a scientific basis for eco-geological environment protection and high-quality development in the lower Yellow River （Jinan section）.

Key words： Ecological and geological environment quality;Analytic Hierarchy Process;  Jinan City; GIS; Yellow River

生態地质环境是地球表面所有生物包括人类赖以生存、生活条件的总和，同时生物的活动又反过来影响和改变着生态地质环境[1-2]。随着人类经济化进程的加快，地质灾害、环境污染等问题日益突出，使生态环境遭到了严重破坏[3-4]。因此，科学评价生态地质环境，可以为城市规划及高质量发展提供技术支撑。生态地质环境评价在我国起步较晚，但也得到了广泛的拓展创新。近年来，随着“3S”技术的发展，遥感和GIS技术已被广泛应用于生态地质环境评价中[5-6]。许向宁等采用模糊综合评判的方法，充分运用GIS技术对安宁河流域生态环境地质质量进行评价[7];陈朝亮等利用层次分析法对内江市生态地质环境质量进行综合评价，并建立了生态地质环境质量信息数据库[8]。……