CT影像学检查在上腔静脉综合征诊断和复查中的应用价值

2021-11-18 08:43:17蔡玲利谭方琴
锦州医科大学报 2021年8期

蔡玲利 谭方琴

【摘要】目的 探讨多层螺旋CT在上腔静脉综合征诊断和复查上的应用价值方法 回顾性选取我院十年内主要诊断为上腔静脉综合征(superior vena cavasyndrome,SVCS)的患者30例,收集并分析其在我院所有CT影像学检查资料。结果 30例SVCS患者仅25例患者符合标准纳入分析,其中包含男性20例,女性5例。胸部增强以及胸部增强联合其他如胸部平扫、肺动脉CTA等的检查在本研究SVCS病例的诊断上占比高达68%(17/25),占据了重要地位。此外,在11例复查的SVCS患者中,通过一次或者多次胸部平扫来复查的患者高达9例,占绝大多数。结论 胸部增强CT扫描是一种快速、信息丰富且具有成本效益的方法,在本研究SVCS的诊断上发挥了重要作用;在确诊SVCS后的影像学复查检查中,胸部CT平扫检查占据了重要的地位。

【关键词】上腔静脉综合征;CT扫描;碘对比剂;血管成像

【中图分类号】R4451. 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2026-5328(2021)08-001-04

【Abstact】Objective To evaluate the value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis and reexamination of superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS). Methods 30 patients with SVCS in our hospital in the past 10 years were selected retrospectively,and all of the CT images were analyzed. Results 25 of 30 patients with SVCS met the inclusion criteria,including 20 males and 5 females. In this study,68% (17/25) of patients with SVCS were diagnosed by thoracic enhancement and enhancement combined with other examinations such as plain chest scan or pulmonary CTA. In addition,as many as 9 of the 11 patients with SVCS were reexamined by one or more plain chest scans.Conclusion Enhanced CT scan is a fast,informative and cost-effective method,which plays an important role in the diagnosis of SVCS in this study. CT chest plain plays an important role in the reexamination of imaging after the diagnosis of SVCS.

【Keywords]】Superior vena cava syndrome; CT scan; Iodine contrast agent; CT angiography

前言

上腔静脉综合征 (superior vena cava syndrome,SVCS)通常是由感染性病变、良/恶性肿瘤压迫和/或直接侵入等多种原因,引起血管壁薄且血管内压力低的上腔静脉 (superior vena cava,SVC),其管腔完全性或不完全梗阻,进而导致进入右心房的血流受损的一组罕见临床症候群[1-3]。恶性肿瘤[4-6]是现如今引起上腔静脉综合征的主要病因,且以支气管肺癌及其淋巴结转移压迫最为常见,此外,中心静脉导管和起搏器导线引起的血栓形成或狭窄等继发于可植入静脉装置放置不当的医源性SVCS近年来亦日益多见于临床[7]。上腔静脉慢性闭塞一定程度上势必引起侧枝循环的增加或逆转等变化从而维持静脉引流[8,9]。……

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