区域农业龙头企业带动小农户衔接现代农业发展的路径探究

杨康 凡启兵

摘要 长期以来小农户的局限性使得其在衔接现代农业发展过程中需要在新型农业经营主体的带动下才能得以实现，而地方农业企业在新型农业经营主体中处于佼佼者和引领者的地位，如何保持农业企业与小农户的长期协调稳定合作，须探索小农户、地方涉农企业“双向奔赴”的路径，以达到农户、企业双赢局面。分析了退出型、兼业型、自给型、发展型小农户类型对不同经营主体的选择意向以及与现代农业相应的衔接路径，并从福娃集团“企业+基地+农户”案例分析入手，得出地方涉农企业带动小农户发展的3个关键点：①加强农业企业品质发展，提升企业自我造血能力;②探索利于“双向奔赴”的联结路径与利益机制;③提高区域小农户的组织化程度，强化小农户持续发展能力。

关键词 企业;小农户;现代农业

中图分类号 S-9   文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）23-0221-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.062

Research on the Path of Local Agricultural Enterprises Driving Small Farmers to Connect the Development of Modern Agriculture

YANG Kang，FAN Qi-bing

（School of Economics and Management，Yangtze University，Jingzhou， Hubei 434023）

Abstract For a long time， due to the limitations of small farmers， it can only be realized under the drive of new agricultural management subjects in the process of connecting modern agricultural development. Local agricultural enterprises are in the position of leader and leader in new agricultural management subjects. How to maintain the long-term coordination and stable cooperation between agricultural enterprises and small farmers， and explore the path of “two-way rush” of small farmers and local agriculture related enterprises to achieve a win-win situation for farmers and enterprises. This paper analyzes the selection intention of different business entities for the types of exit， part-time， self-sufficiency and development small farmers and the corresponding connection path with modern agriculture. Starting with the case analysis of Fuwa Group， “enterprise + base + farmers”， this paper obtains three key points for local agricultural enterprises to drive the development of small farmers： ①Strengthening the quality development of agricultural enterprises， improving the self hematopoietic ability of enterprises; ②Exploring the connection path and interest mechanism conducive to “two-way rush”;③Improving the degree of organization of small farmers and strengthen the development capacity of small farmers.

Key words Enterprises;Small farmers;Modern agriculture

作者簡介 杨康（1993—），男，湖北荆州人，硕士研究生，研究方向：农村经济。通信作者，副教授，博士，硕士生导师，从事农业政策与法规、经济法、国际贸易法研究。

收稿日期 2021-07-27

2021年4月29日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议通过的《中华人民共和国乡村振兴促进法》强调要培育新产业、新业态、新模式和新型农业经营主体，促进小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接[1]。随着，脱贫攻坚战的圆满收官，我国已经全面实现了小康社会，如何让这来之不易的成果得到巩固与持续，地方涉农企业带动小农户的稳定发展是保持乡村振兴活力不可忽略的因素，更是维持脱贫攻坚战成果的必要手段。……