熊保胜
摘 要:随着科学技术的不断推进,新能源汽车成为汽车行业的发展方向和主要研发领域,不仅能减低汽车生产成本、提升汽车运行效率,还能够降低环境污染、实现节能减排。与此同时新型材料的出现为新能源汽车的推广带来了优势条件。目前新材料主要有碳纤维复合材料、铝合金材料以及驱动电机材料等三种,其性能上各有优势,也逐渐应用于新能源汽车的应用中,并且从其发展趋势看,新能源车会逐渐加大与稀土行业的合作,从而获取材料上的优势地位。
关键词:新材料 新能源汽车 应用策略
Research on the Application of New Materials in New Energy Vehicles
Xiong Baosheng
Abstract:With the continuous advancement of science and technology, new energy vehicles have become the development direction and main R&D area of the automotive industry, which can not only reduce vehicle production costs and improve vehicle operating efficiency, but also reduce environmental pollution and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. At the same time, the emergence of new materials has brought advantages for the promotion of new energy vehicles. At present, new materials mainly include carbon fiber composite materials, aluminum alloy materials, and drive motor materials. They have their own advantages in performance and are gradually being used in the application of new energy vehicles. From the perspective of their development trends, new energy vehicles will gradually increase cooperation with the rare earth industry to obtain a superior position in materials.
Key words:new materials, new energy vehicles, application strategies
1 引言
当前,汽车行业使得人们的出行更加方便快捷,但是也造成了严重的环境污染。在低碳环保理念的影响下,新能源汽车应用而生。本文通过研究目前新能源汽车新材料的主要类型,对于其特点和性能进行了梳理,并且结合新能源汽车的发展现状和市场前景,深入分析其发展趋势,从而明确其研发重点,最后从几种新材料的特性阐述了其在新能源车中的应用实践,为新能源汽车的发展提供理论基础。
2 新能源汽车中的新材料
2.1 碳纤维复合材料
碳纤维是指由碳元素构成的无机纤维,属于一种特性的化学纤维,有着丰富的碳含量。从其内部结构来看,主要有石墨微晶等元素,通过化学工艺在高温环境下将沥青基、粘胶基等有机纤维进行裂解碳化而形成的。[1]碳纤维复合材料则是将碳纤维和其他材料进行混合而得到的,包括树脂、金属、石墨烯等材料在内。……