多学科融合的综合实训在护理专业教学中的开发和应用

崔水峰 陶冬艳 周璇 戚贵华 陈萍 戚蓉

摘  要：在护理学教学中开展基于多学科融合的综合实训教学改革，在综合实训教学过程中，打破学科界限进行知识体系整合，通过以护理学所面临的典型实际问题为切入点，选取具有代表性的真实场景开展教学活动，采取學生主导、教师辅助和引导的交互式教学模式。在学习过程基于临床实际工作路径，将不同学科知识进行整合运用，以提高学生临床思维能力和团队协作能力，使学生所学技能能够真正的与实际工作环境融合。文章利用文献研究法、课堂观察法、访谈法等方法，以急危重症护理学课程为例，探讨多学科融合的综合实训在护理专业教学中的开发和应用。

关键词：多学科融合;综合实训;护理教学;急危重症护理学

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2021）35-0051-04

Abstract： The reform of comprehensive practical training based on multidisciplinary integration is performed in the teaching of nursing. In the process of comprehensive practical training， the boundaries of disciplines are broken for the integration of knowledge systems， and teaching activities are carried out by taking the typical practical problems faced by nursing as the entry point and selecting representative real scenes， adopting an interactive teaching mode led by students and assisted and guided by teachers. In the learning process based on the actual clinical work path， the knowledge of different disciplines is integrated and asked to improve students' clinical thinking skills and teamwork ability， so that the skills learned by students can be truly integrated with the actual work environment. This paper uses literature research method， classroom observation method and the interview method to explore the development and application of integrated practical training of multidisciplinary integration in nursing professional teaching， taking "Acute and Critical Care Nursing" as an example.

Keywords： multidisciplinary integration; comprehensive training; nursing teaching; Emergency and Critical Care

多学科融合的综合实训是基于临床实际工作路径，以病人为中心，通过医生、护士、医技人员等角色的相互协调配合，技能的融合，促进患者健康。在教学中，将护理、临床、检验、影像等专业的技术技能进行有机融合，选取临床典型案例，编排成剧本，实现多学科技能的相互交叉融合，打破学科壁垒，加强不同学科间的联系，培养学生的临床思维和团队协作能力，激发学生的多元思维，从而提高学生创新思维能力和解决综合问题的能力，使学生具备较强的岗位胜任力。

一、目前我国医学类高等职业院校实训教学方面普遍存在的问题