引入实战任务的沉浸式教学

丁丹 杨柳

摘  要：当前航天类专业实践教学存在的重要问题包括：实践内容设置偏局部，不能反映航天领域系统级工作原理和天地一体任务流程;训练条件构设偏理想，不能体现实际航天任务面临的复杂环境和突发情况。这些问题造成学生的学习投入程度不高、学习效率低下，与航天任务岗位能力需求不适应。因此，通过设计组织宇航与测运控技术实践公开课，研究引入实战任务的沉浸式教学，将实际航天任务引入航天人才培养课堂，按照真实航天任务流程和岗位设置，引导学生沉浸于实战任务中开展实践训练，显著提高学习效率，促进知识到能力的转化，缩短课堂到岗位的距离。

关键词：卫星测控;综合训练;实战化训练;岗位任职

中图分类号：G642       文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2021）35-0070-04

Abstract： The main problems in the practical teaching of aerospace majors include： the setting of practice contents is unilateral， which cannot reflect the system-level working principle and the mission process of integrating heaven and earth in the aerospace field; The construction of training conditions is too ideal to reflect the complex environment and emergencies faced by practical space missions. These problems result in students' low degree of learning involvement and learning efficiency， which do not adapt to the requirements of space mission positions. Therefore， by organizing the "Aerospace， TT&C and operational technology practical open class"， we research on the immersion teaching by bringing in combat-oriented task， therefore the actual mission can be brought in the class， and the students can indulge in practical tasks according to the actual mission process and post setting. As a result， the learning efficiency can be improved and the transformation from knowledge to ability can be promoted， furthermore， the distance between class and post becomes shorter.

Keywords： Satellite TT&C; comprehensive training; combat-oriented training; post holding

开展高质量实践教学是航天类专业技术人才培养体系中的重要环节[1]。航天类专业具有技术尖端、多领域综合、天地一体、实践操作性强等特点。以航天发射和航天测运控专业为例，航天发射专业涉及包括火箭和卫星在内的航天器，包括火箭发动机和卫星推进器在内的航天动力装置，航天器测试发射及航天发射任务指挥与管理等多方面;航天测运控则包括在轨航天器遥测遥控，航天器载荷运行控制与数据传输，测控站网资源管理调度等多方面[2-5]。因此，在做好专业课教学基础上，需通过实践教学的创新设计和合理组织，着重培养学生综合运用专业知识解决实际复杂问题的能力，为将来胜任航天任务岗位奠定良好基础[6]。……