基于DEA-BCC模型和Malmquist指数的天津市农业科技成果转化效率研究

米琳 李慧燕

摘    要：为探究天津市农业科技成果转化机制创新的方向及重点，提高天津市农业科技成果转化效率，选取2013—2020年的数据，运用DEA—BCC模型和Malmquist指数对天津市农业科技成果转化效率进行静态和动态分析，并与北京、上海进行横向对比。结果表明：2013—2020年京津沪3地综合技术效率均呈下降的趋势，农业科技成果转化效率均未达到最优水平，通过Malmquist 指数分解发现技术变化是其主要影响因素。鉴于此，提出提高天津市农业科技成果转化效率的4条建议：构建高质量成果产出机制、畅通转化链条、完善服务机制、增强科技金融服务能力，以期为天津市农业现代化建设助力。

关键词：DEA—BCC模型；Malmquist指数；农业科技成果转化；天津市

中图分类号：F323.3         文献标识码：A          DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2023.05.013

Abstract： In order to explore the direction and focus of the innovation of the transformation mechanism of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， and to improve the efficiency of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， this paper selected panel data from 2013 to 2020， used DEA-BCC model and Malmquist index to conduct static and dynamic analysis on the efficiency of transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， and made a cross-sectional comparison with Beijing and Shanghai. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency of Beijing， Tianjin and Shanghai all showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2020， and the efficiency of transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements did not reach the optimal level， and the decomposition of the Malmquist index revealed that technological change was the main influencing factor. In view of this， four suggestions are put forward to improve the efficiency of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin： constructing a high-quality output mechanism， smoothing the transformation chain， improving the service mechanism and enhancing the capacity of science and technology financial services， with a view to contributing to the modernisation of Tianjin's agriculture.

Key words： DEA-BCC model; Malmquist index; transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements; Tianjin

農业科技创新是推动农业发展方式转变，加快农业现代化建设的重要动力。加快推进农业科技成果转化，有利于农业科技成果与产业快速对接，助力乡村振兴。推动天津市农业转型升级，提高天津市农业科技资源的利用效率，激发科研人员创新，促进农业科技成果转化顺畅是实施创新发展战略亟待解决的核心问题。因此，探究天津市农业科技成果转化效率变化，发现存在的问题并揭示其原因，有利于成果转化机制的完善，促进农业现代化建设。

农业科技成果转化效率是衡量农业科技成果的利用效率及市场价值的重要标准，国内外学者对农业科技成果转化效率的测度进行大量研究，研究中常用的方法是数据包络分析法。……