拔牙位点保存技术在口腔种植中的应用效果

马宗刚 田燕

[摘 要]目的 探究在口腔種植中应用拔牙位点保存技术的有效性。方法 选取2022年12月-2023年6月于海原县中医医院口腔科行口腔种植的98例患者为研究对象，以随机数字表法分为参照组和试验组，每组49例。参照组于拔牙后采用常规处理，试验组于拔牙后采用拔牙位点保存技术，随后均植入种植体，比较两组牙槽骨变化、美学效果、口腔修复效果及并发症发生情况。结果 试验组治疗后牙槽骨骨密度、牙槽骨高度及牙槽骨宽度均优于参照组（P<0.05）；试验组治疗后WES评分、PES评分均高于参照组（P<0.05）；试验组口腔修复优良率为97.96%，高于参照组的83.67%（P<0.05）；试验组并发症发生率为4.08%，低于参照组的8.16%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 拔牙位点保存技术在口腔种植中的应用效果确切，可保护牙槽骨，提高美学效果及口腔修复效果，还能有效降低并发症发生几率。

[关键词] 牙槽骨；口腔种植；美学效果；拔牙位点保存技术

[中图分类号] R783 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1004-4949（2024）05-0118-04

Application Effect of Tooth Extraction Site Preservation Technology in Oral Implantation

MA Zong-gang， TIAN Yan

（Department of Stomatology， Haiyuan County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital， Zhongwei 755200， Ningxia， China）

[Abstract]Objective To explore the effectiveness of tooth extraction site preservation technology in oral implantation. Methods A total of 98 patients who underwent oral implantation in the Department of Stomatology， Haiyuan County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from December 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into reference group and experimental group by random number table method， with 49 patients in each group. The reference group was treated with conventional treatment after tooth extraction， and the experimental group was treated with tooth extraction site preservation technology after tooth extraction， and then the implants were implanted. The changes of alveolar bone， aesthetic effect， oral repair effect and complications were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment， the alveolar bone density， alveolar bone height and alveolar bone width in the experimental group were better than those in the reference group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the WES score and PES score of the experimental group were higher than those of the reference group （P<0.05）. The excellent and good rate of oral repair in the experimental group was 97.96%， which was higher than 83.67% in the reference group （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications in the experimental group was 4.08%， which was lower than 8.16% in the reference group， but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Conclusion The application of tooth extraction site preservation technology in oral implantation is effective， which can protect alveolar bone， improve aesthetic effect and oral repair effect， and effectively reduce the incidence of complications.

[Key words] Alveolar bone； Oral implantation； Aesthetic effect； Tooth extraction site preservation technology

口腔种植（oral implantation）是一种常用且可靠的牙齿修复方法，通过将种植体植入口腔骨质中随后再固定牙冠或假牙，以恢复牙齿的功能和美观[1]。然而，患牙拔除后，若未采取特殊措施来保护牙槽骨，将会导致牙槽骨吸收和萎缩，影响种植体的稳定性及美观性[2]。为解决这一问题，拔牙位点保存技术在临床中应运而生，并逐渐引起了口腔医学界的关注。该技术能通过一定手段保存拔牙位点的骨量，减缓牙槽骨吸收，并提供良好的种植基础，以增加种植体的成功率和稳定性[3]。为进一步提高口腔种植的效果，本研究结合2022年12月-2023年6月于海原县中医医院口腔科行口腔种植的98例患者临床资料，旨在探讨拔牙位点保存技术在口腔种植中的应用效果，现报道如下。……