品管圈活动在脑卒中吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果

2020-10-09 10:29邱玉霞陈美珍何丽怡欧惠琴
中国当代医药 2020年22期
关键词:品管圈活动吞咽障碍脑卒中

邱玉霞 陈美珍 何丽怡 欧惠琴

[摘要]目的 探讨品管圈活动在脑卒中(CVA)吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果。方法 选取我院收治的120例CVA吞咽障碍患者,将2018年3~7月收治的60例未实施品管圈(QCC)活动患者作为对照组,将2018年8~12月收治的60例实施QCC活动患者作为观察组,比较两组的有形成果(误吸发生率、吸入性肺炎发生率)和无形成果。结果 观察组的误吸发生率、吸入性肺炎发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组在课程兴趣、品管圈认知、质量改善方法、活动信心、团队精神、认知程度、沟通协调方面评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对CVA吞咽障碍患者实施QCC管理可有效降低误吸和吸入性肺炎发生率,可提高圈员综合素养及整体能力,值得临床推广和应用。

[关键词]品管圈活动;脑卒中;吞咽障碍;误吸发生率

[中图分类号] R473.74          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)8(a)-0226-03

Application effect of quality control circle activity in patients with dysphagia after stroke

QIU Yu-xia   CHEN Mei-zhen   HE Li-yi   OU Hui-qin

Department of Cerebrovascular, Qingyuan People′s Hospital, Guangdong Province, Qingyuan   511518, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of quality control circle (QCC) activity in patients with dysphagia after stroke (CVA). Methods A total of 120 patients with CVA and dysphagia admitted to our hospital were selected, and 60 patients who had not undergone QCC activities from March to July 2018 were selected as the control group, and 60 patients from August to December 2018 implemented were classified into the observation group. The visible findings including the incidence of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and invisible outcomes were compared in the two groups. Results The incidence of aspiration and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistical differences (P<0.05). After comparing the invisible outcomes in the two groups, the scores of interest in curriculum, perception on QCC, quality improvement methods, activity confidence, team spirit, cognition, communication and coordination were higher than those of the control group, with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusion The implementation of QCC management for CVA patients with dysphagia can effectively reduce the incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia. Meanwhile, it can improve the comprehensive literacy and overall ability of the circle members, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Quality control circle activity; Stroke; Dysphagia; Incidence of aspiration

腦卒中(CVA)是临床常见、多发病,患者多伴有后遗症,吞咽障碍是发生率较高后遗症类型。CVA吞咽障碍患者常发生误吸,进而增加肺部感染的发生风险,严重情况下甚至会造成患者窒息、死亡。因此,对CVA吞咽障碍患者,如何进行及时有效干预,降低误吸发生率,是临床研究和关注重点问题[1-3]。品管圈(QCC)近年来在临床有广泛应用,是指由相同、相近或有互补性质工作场所人群自发组成活动团队,并通过合作、运用科学统计工具和品管手法解决工作现场管理和文化等方面发生问题。QCC应用于护理工作中,可提高护理效率、改善护理质量[4-5]。为探究QCC对于降低CVA吞咽障碍患者误吸发生率是否有积极作用,本研究将120例CVA吞咽障碍患者作为主要对象,现报道如下。

綜上所述,QCC是一种科学管理方法,在CVA吞咽患者护理管理中使用能降低误吸和吸入性肺炎发生率。同时,通过实施QCC管理,能够提高护理人员综合素养及整体能力,而改善护理质量。因此,值得临床推广和应用。

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(收稿日期:2020-01-08)

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