PBL教学法在临床医学生系统解剖学带教中的应用及思考

张浩吉林大学基础医学院人体解剖学系，吉林长春　130021

PBL教学法在临床医学生系统解剖学带教中的应用及思考

张浩
吉林大学基础医学院人体解剖学系，吉林长春130021

PBL教学法是一套通过情景设计完全教学过程的学习方法，也被人们称之为问题式学习，已经广泛应用于医学教学中。教案制定完全以学生为中心、以问题为导向，可将学生分成若干个讨论组，教师通过对课本上的医学专题或临床上的典型案例进行研究。传统教学方法中，比较注重教师的讲解与传授，PBL教学法则以带动学生主动学习为目的，PBL教学法可充分利用教师在教学中的主导作用，对教材或临床案例进行讲解，带来学生进行如问题当中，学生则利用之前所学到的医学知识，进行案例分析，不但能够带动学生学习的积极性，同时提高了教学质量。

PBL教学法；系统解剖学；应用及思考

［Abstract］PBL teaching method is a learning method finishing teaching process through the scene design，also referred to as problem-based learning，which has been widely used in medical teaching.The teaching plan is totally student-centered and issue-oriented，and the students are divided into several discussion groups and the teachers carry out the research through the medical topic in the textbook or typical cases in clinic.The traditional teaching method pays more attention to the explanation and teaching of teachers，PBL teaching method aims to lead students to actively study and makes an explanation of textbooks or clinical cases by making full use of the leading role of teachers in teaching，bringing students into the issues，and the students analyzes cases by using the medical knowledge that has learnt before，which can not only motive the study initiative of students but also improve the teaching quality.

［Key words］PBL teaching method；Systematic anatomy；Application and thinking

系统解剖学是医学基础课程，通过学习了解正常人体结构，为医学生进一步的学习打下基础，同时在临床诊断和治疗中也有着举足轻重的作用。大量临床资料表明，人体的构造复杂，解剖学改变和疫病的发生发展密切相关［1］。通过解剖知识，检查身体结构，是现今对疾病诊断及治疗的主要依据。随着医疗技术的发展，临床逐渐引进X射线、彩超技术、CT扫描、核磁共振成像等技术，使医生在不进行外科手术的情况下即可对病患的身体内部结构进行探查，说明解剖学在临床上意义深远［2］。传统的解剖学教学中面临很多困难，书面的文字、挂图等往往很难使学生建立起解剖学的思维模式，尤其是在与临床相结合的应用环节，很容易造成理论基础和临床应用的脱节。……