重症监护病房护士临床沟通能力及其相关因素分析

李明珍，邓爱辉



重症监护病房护士临床沟通能力及其相关因素分析

李明珍，邓爱辉

摘要：[目的]了解重症监护病房(ICU)护士临床沟通能力，并探讨其相关影响因素。[方法]采用一般资料问卷、护士临床沟通能力量表和护士工作压力源量表对4所三级甲等医院252名ICU护士进行调查。[结果]ICU护士临床沟通能力均分为(2.47±0.24)分，其中确认家属问题、共同参与、有效传递信息及验证感受4个维度均分低于2.5分。多元回归分析显示，年龄、沟通培训情况和工作压力源中的病人护理、管理及人际关系是影响护士临床沟通能力的主要因素，共解释52.1%的变异量。[结论]ICU护士临床沟通能力偏低，护理管理者应当就其影响因素针对性地加强ICU护士临床沟通能力的培养。

关键词:重症监护病房；护士；病人家属；沟通能力；影响因素

Analysis of clinical communication skills of ICU nurses and its related factors

Li Mingzhen，Deng Aihui(Nursing College of South China University，Hunan 421001 China)

AbstractObjective:To know about the clinical communication skills of ICU nurses and probe into its related influencing factors.Methods:A total of 252 cases of ICU nurses in four third grade A hospitals were surveyed by using General information questionnaire，clinical nurse communication skills scale and nurse working pressure scale.Results:The total average score of clinical communication skills of ICU nurses was (2.47±0.24),in which the average scores of the four dimensions including confirmation of families problem，Joint participation，effective information transfer and feelings verifying were lower than 2.5.Multiple regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of clinical communication skills of ICU nurses included the care，management and interpersonal relations in age，communication training conditions and work pressure source，and a total of 52.1% of variance was explained.Conclusion:Clinical communication ability of ICU nurses were lower，and nursing managers should strengthen the clinical communication ability training of ICU nurse aiming at its influencing factors.

Key wordsintensive care unit(ICU)；nurses；patient’s family members；communication skills；influencing factors

重症监护病房(ICU)病人病情危重、使用镇静剂或意识障碍，不能理解信息且无法参与临床决策，因此病人家属成为授权人[1]，与医护人员就病人病情进行沟通后参与决策。病人家属扮演着非常重要的角色，并越来越被医院和社会所关注。ICU多采用限制性探视制度，病人家属不能亲眼见到病人的救治过程及目前的状态，如果沟通无效或沟通不畅，病人家属对医护工作容易产生不信任感，甚至引发医疗纠纷。建立良好有效的沟通是护士与病人家属共同的需求[2]。护士的沟通能力是护理人才的必备核心能力[3]，目前有很多关于ICU护士沟通能力的研究，但大多数是与病人、医生、护士的沟通合并起来研究。……