赵文珅++孙燕
文章编号:1000033X(2016)12011503
收稿日期:20160701
摘要:为了使柴油机的尾气排放达到欧洲Ⅲ号排放标准,高压共轨式电控燃油系统是目前最好的选择。通过对共轨式电控柴油机燃油喷射控制系统的喷油数量、喷油时刻、喷油压力和喷油速率等进行详细的分析,使发动机的操作者能够掌握其优点、特点,以便更加有效地运用柴油机;同时为电控柴油机的使用和检修提供一定的参考。
关键词:电控柴油机;排放;共轨燃油系统;喷射控制
中图分类号:U414.03文献标志码:B
Analysis on Fuel Injection Control of Electronically Controlled Common Rail Diesel Engine
ZHAO Wenshen, SUN Yan
(School of Mechanical Engineering, Yunnan Jiaotong College, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China)
Abstract: High pressure common rail fuel system might be the best choice currently for manufacturers to make sure their diesel engines meet the EU Stage III emission standards. A detailed analysis of fuel injection control system of common rail diesel engine was conducted in aspects of injection amount, injection moment, injection pressure and the injection rate, which shows the advantages and characteristics of the electronically controlled common rail diesel engine to operators and enables them to work more effectively. Reference to the usage and maintenance of diesel engine is also provided.
Key words: electronically controlled diesel engine; emission; common rail fuel system; injection control
0引言
高压共轨燃油系统是目前世界上最先进的燃油系统之一,其优点是高压喷射,最高压力可达210 MPa。高压燃油的产生和喷射过程完全独立,由高压燃油泵提高燃油压力且储存在共轨里,再由电控单元(ECM)控制燃油的喷射;燃油喷射的计量和时刻准确度高,以发动机转速传感器为主要信号计量燃油喷射量,以发动机凸轮轴位置传感器为主要信号确定燃油的供油时刻;发动机尾气排放较好,采用选择性催化还原技术(SCR),降低NOx的生成量,采用微粒捕集器技术(DPF)有效地减少颗粒物的排放,降低柴油机的排放污染;涡轮增压技术实现电子控制,采用连续反馈技术控制可变喷嘴式涡轮增压器,确保柴油机在最高标定扭矩点附近增压器增压的压力不致于过高,从而防止负荷过高导致的功率下降以及涡轮增压器因为超速而损坏;可以通过改变电控系统的控制程序(即对ECM重新进行标定),从而扩大电控柴油机的应用范围,使之适应性更加广泛[12]。……