中医综合护理干预在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用价值分析

陈瑾　李小玲

[摘要] 目的 分析研究中醫综合护理干预在急性心肌梗死患者中的临床应用价值。 方法 纳入于2015年4月～2016年11月来我院管辖社区的心肌梗死患者共200例，利用随机数表法分为两组，分别为对照组和试验组，每组各100例。对照组给予常规药物治疗，试验组给予常规药物治疗同时联合中医综合护理干预，观察两组患者临床治疗效果及预后情况。 结果 治疗前两组患者ADL分数比较，差异无统计学差异（P>0.05），治疗后对照组患者ADL评分为（61.4±3.6）分，试验组为（87.6±4.3）分，两组比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）。对照组患者治疗有效率为81.0%，试验组为99.0%，两组比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）。治疗后3个月两组患者均有不良心血管事件发生，对照组不良心血管事件发生率为10.0%，试验组为2.0%，两组比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）。 结论 中医综合护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者有较高的临床疗效，可以显著改善患者预后情况，提高患者的临床治愈率，减少治疗后不良心血管事件发生率，值得推广使用。

[关键词] 中医护理；社区干预；心肌梗死；应用价值

[中图分类号] R248.1； R542.2+2 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）14-0148-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical value of traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 200 patients with myocardial infarction from the community dominated by our hospital from April 2015 to November 2016 were enrolled，which were divided into two groups including the control group and the experimental group according to random number table， with 100 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with conventional drugs， and the patients in the experimental group were treated with traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing intervention combined with conventional drugs. The clinical treatment effect and the prognosis of the two groups were observed. Results There was no significant difference in ADL score between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. The ADL score of the control group was（61.4±3.6） points and the ADL score of the experimental group was（87.6±4.3） points. The data between the two groups were statistically different（P<0.05）. The effective rate was 81.0% in the control group and that of 99.0% in the experimental group. There was significant difference between the two groups （P<0.05）.Within three months after treatment， patients in both groups had adverse cardiovascular events. The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events was 10.0% in the control group and that of 2.0% in the experimental group. The data of the two groups were statistically different（P<0.05）. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing intervention has a high clinical effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction， which can significantly improve the prognosis of patients， improve the clinical cure rate of patients and reduce the rate of adverse cardiovascular events after treatment， and is worthy of promotion and use.

[Key words] Traditional Chinese medicine nursing；Community intervention；Myocardial infarction；Application value

急性心肌梗死是由于冠状动脉突发性的持续缺血引起心肌坏死，临床表现为突然发作剧烈且持久的胸骨后或心前区疼痛、烦躁不安、出汗、恶心、呕吐等不适症状[1-3]。此类疾病的患者同时还容易伴发心律失常、休克及心力衰竭，可危及生命。有数据显示，心肌梗死在欧美国家高发，推测可能因为欧美社会老龄化严重及饮食习惯的差异导致，美国每年有大约150万人发生心肌梗死[4-6]。而中国患有此种疾病的人口数量也在逐年上升，成为现代社会威胁人类健康的重大隐患之一。对于此类疾病的治疗需要恰当且专业的护理，而社区干预是在社区中进行有组织有计划的护理、讲座等一系列活动，旨在帮助患者正确的认知自己健康问题，采取合适的治疗方式，拓宽了解疾病的渠道[7-9]。因此本次研究通过将常规药物和中医综合护理干预联合常规药物治疗进行对比观察，分析中医综合护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者的临床治疗效果，为社区干预今后的发展提供一种新的思路，现报道如下。