刘湘


[摘要] 目的 探讨不同孕周未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)的临床处理方式及对母儿结局的影响。方法 方便选取2011年3月—2016年6月该院收治的138例PPROM患者的临床资料,根据孕周不同将入选病例分为A组和B组。对比观察两组不同保胎时间、不同分娩方式下的母儿结局。结果 A组保胎≥24 h者新生儿死亡率(14.3%)低于保胎<24 h者(39.3%),B组保胎<24 h者绒毛膜羊膜炎(6.7%)、产褥感染(2.2%)、新生儿窒息/NRDS(8.8%)和新生儿死亡(4.4%)均低于保胎≥24 h者(P<0.05)。结论 PPROM患者应根据实际孕周及胎儿状况科学延长保胎时间、选择合适的分娩方式,以减少母体并发症和新生儿死亡风险。
[关键词] 不同孕周;未足月胎膜早破;处理方式;母儿结局
[中图分类号] R714 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)05(b)-0097-03
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xuyi Peoples Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, 211700 China
[Abstract] Objective To study the handling methods of preterm premature rupture of the membrane in different pregnant weeks and effect on the maternal and infant outcome. Methods 138 cases of PPROM patients admitted and treated in our hospital from March 2011 to June 2016 were convenient selected and divided into two groups according to different the pregnant weeks, and the maternal and infant outcomes under different tocolysis time and different delivery methods were compared and observed. Results In the group A, the death rate of newborns whose tocolysis≥24 h was lower than that of newborns whose ocolysis < 24 h (14.3% vs 39.3%), in the group B, the incidence rate of chorioamnionitis (6.7%), puerperal infection (2.2%), neonatal asphyxia /NRDS(8.8%) and death rate of newborns whose ocolysis < 24 h in the group B were lower than those in patients whose tocolysis≥24 h(4.4%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The PPROM patients should scientifically prolong the tocolysis time and select the proper delivery method according to the practical pregnant weeks and fetal situation in order to reduce the maternal and infant complications and death risks of newborns.
[Key words] Different pregnant weeks; Preterm premature rupture of the membranes; Handling method; Maternal and child outcome
未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)又稱早产胎膜早破,是指妊娠大于20周,未满37周临产前胎膜的自然破裂[1]。本病属围生期常见并发症,是导致早产、感染、围生儿病死率增加的重要原因,对母婴生命健康危害很大[2]。对此,采取安全有效的方式谨慎处理PPROM以获得满意的母婴结局至关重要。文章现以2011年3月—2016年6月该院收治的138例PPROM患者为例,对不同孕周PPROM的处理方式及母儿结局进行分析和探讨,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
方便选取该院收治的138例PPROM患者为研究对象。根据孕周将入选病例分为A组(妊娠≤34周)和B组(妊娠35~37周)。A组(63例):年龄(29.2±4.7)岁;初次妊娠51例,二次及以上妊娠12例。B组(75例):年龄(28.8±5.1)岁;初次妊娠58例,二次及以上妊娠17例。全部患者均签署知情同意书,两组一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 方法
两组患者入院后均绝对卧床休息,保持外阴洁净,胎膜破裂≥12 h者预防性应用抗生素,有产科指征者及时予以针对性处理。在此基础上,准确校正孕周,对于未临产的妊娠≤34周的患者(A组),可予以宫缩抑制剂、安宝等进行保胎治疗,同时应用糖皮质激素促进胎肺成熟,发现异常及时引产,必要者剖腹产;……