基于AHP分析法的乡村民宿与村民相关性研究

王静

摘要：乡村民宿因其所在地域环境，与村民发生着各种联系。民宿发展不仅关系到村民物质和精神生活，村民的生活状态和方式也将影响乡村民宿的同质化竞争局势。本文从乡村民宿资源中选取与村民相关的35个因素，通过专家问卷调查，对其构建两者相关性重要度进行评价。结果显示：准则层从高到低排序依次为管理运营、基础设施、依托资源。指标层中民宿建筑风格、食材和员工在构建相关性的重要度中排前3位。基于评价结果，指出提升临安乡村民宿发展需从丰富管理运营内涵、注重民宿环境建设和发挥村落景区资源优势三方面加强与周边居民的联系。

Abstract： Due to the local environment， the country Minshuku has various connections with the villagers. The development of the Minshuku is not only related to the material and spiritual life of the villagers， but also the living conditions and methods of the villagers will affect the homogenization competition situation of the village Minshuku. This paper selects 35 factors related to the villagers from the resources of the village Minshuku， and evaluates the importance of their correlation through the expert questionnaire survey. The results show that the order of the criteria layer from high to low is management operations， infrastructure， and resources. In the indicator layer， the building style， ingredients and employees are ranked in the top three in the importance of building relevance. Based on the evaluation results， it is pointed out that the promotion of the development of Lin'an Country Minshuku needs to strengthen the connection with the surrounding residents from the aspects of enriching management and operation， paying attention to the construction of the Minshuku environment and giving full play to the resource advantages of the village.

關键词：乡村民宿;村民;相关性;层次分析法;评价

Key words： country Minshuku;villagers;relevance;analytic hierarchy process;evaluation

中图分类号：F32                                           文献标识码：A                                  文章编号：1006-4311（2019）16-0165-04

0  引言

近年来国内民宿行业蓬勃发展，与乡村旅游和国家乡村振兴战略的实施不无关系。中国的民宿发展总体滞后于日本。走在中国民宿行业潮头的莫干山已日益彰显出同质化竞争随之而来的发展疲软之态，不少的研究专家指出民宿发展的关键是乡土情怀（张琳2015，张希2016），这也是民宿区别于其他住宿产品的最大特色。民宿之间的相互区别则是所在“场域”①的不同气质即不同场空间内的人、物、事的区别，显然，村民则是这个场域的中心，一切事物围绕其展开，并决定场域内其他要素的性质和形态，因而研究村民与乡村民宿的相关性，从而建立乡村民宿不同场域空间，避免民宿同质化发展显得尤为必要。……