清香型产区烤烟化学成分差异性分析

董洪旭 袁帅 徐磊 刘伟 宋纪真

摘 要：为探索用于表征不同产区清香型烟叶风格特征的化学成分指标，本研究采集制备了烟叶样品90份，比较了不同清香型产区烟叶化学成分的差异，分析了化学成分与感官品质相关性。结果表明，不同产地清香型烟叶化学成分存在显著差异，较高的总植物碱、总氮含量以及较低的糖碱比可表征云南曲靖清香型烟叶风格特征，较高的糖碱比以及较低的总植物碱含量可表征四川凉山清香型烟叶风格特征，较低的总氮、游离氨基酸含量可表征福建三明清香型烟叶风格特征。

关键词：烤烟;清香型;化学成分;感官质量

Abstract： In order to explore the chemical components used to characterize the aroma characteristics of tobacco leaves in different fresh flavor type tobacco-planting areas， 90 samples of tobacco leaves were collected， the differences of chemical components of tobacco leaves in different producing areas were compared， and the correlation between chemical components and sensory quality was analyzed in this study. The results showed that there were significant differences in the chemical components of tobacco leaves from different areas. The higher content of total alkaloid， total nitrogen and the lower ratio of sugar to nicotine can characterize the style characteristics of  Yunnan Qujing tobacco leaves， the higher ratio of sugar to nicotine and the lower content of nicotine can characterize the style characteristics of Sichuan Liangshan tobacco leaves， and the lower content of total nitrogen and free amino acids can characterize the style characteristics of Fujian Sanming tobacco leaves.

Keywords： flue-cured tobacco;fresh flavor type;chemical composition;sensory quality

化學成分是决定烟叶内在品质的物质基础，通过化学成分评价烟叶品质已成为卷烟工业企业原料质量控制和质量目标设定[1-2]的重要内容。烟叶的风格特征可划分为清香型、中间香型、浓香型，众多学者对化学成分与烟叶风格特征的关系进行了研究[3-7]，但同香型不同产地烟叶风格特征的具体表现也存在差异。当前，通过化学成分区别同一香型不同产地烟叶风格特征的研究相对较少，为此，本文以清香型典型产区（云南曲靖、福建三明、四川凉山）为例，分析了不同产区清香型烟叶化学成分的差异性，结合化学成分与感官品质相关性分析，探索了用于表征不同产区清香型烟叶风格特征的化学成分指标。

1 材料与方法

1.1 产区质量梯度烟叶样品采集与制备

采集云南曲靖、四川凉山、福建三明3个典型清香型产区的中、上部调制后未分级烟叶，品种为当地主栽品种。……