基于哲学视角的BIM本质研究

2020-08-07 05:35:31颜世强马国丰郝可可
价值工程 2020年22期

颜世强 马国丰 郝可可

摘要:概念是内涵和外延的辩证统一。BIM外延的多元化飞速发展超越了BIM内涵的解释能力,进而造成了BIM的认知困境。从概念的内涵和外延角度,回顾BIM概念形成和发展的历史,对国内外代表性BIM概念进行评述。以科学、技术、工程三元论思路从哲学角度对BIM概念的本质性内涵进行深入研究,探寻BIM本质,并基于此展望BIM和BIM研究未来发展的趋势。认为:BIM是具有科学、技术和工程三元属性的人工物;BIM将发展为由科学、技术和工程三个维度构成的复杂系统;从社会、经济和环境视角对BIM系统进行研究是未来BIM研究的重要发展方向之一。

Abstract: The concept is the dialectical unification of outer extension and connotation. The rapid development of the diversification on the outer extension of BIM surpasses the explanatory ability of the BIM connotation. Thus, the cognitive dilemma on BIM was formed. By reviewing the history of the formation and development of BIM concept from the perspective of the concept's connotation and extension, the  representative BIM concepts at home and abroad are commented on. Based on the theoretical method of science, technology and engineering ternary theory, the deep research on essential connotation of BIM concept is performed from a philosophical perspective. The future development trend of BIM and BIM research is prospected on the basic of the above analysis. BIM is an artificial object with three attributes including science, technology and engineering. BIM will develop into a complex system composed of science, technology and engineering. The research on BIM system from the perspective of society, economy and environment is considered to be one of the most important directions for the future development of BIM research.

關键词:BIM;本质;哲学

Key words: BIM;essence;philosophy

中图分类号:TU17                                      文献标识码:A                                  文章编号:1006-4311(2020)22-0232-04

0  引言

自2003年美国总务署(GSA)提出世界上第一个BIM发展计划以来,经过十余年的发展,BIM在全球范围迅速铺开。随着BIM在技术层面和工具层面的发展和完善,BIM的应用日趋广泛。BIM的内容越来越丰富,形成了由理念、软件、平台、数据模型、操作方法、标准和规范共同构成的复杂系统。①

由于BIM本身的复杂性、抽象性和BIM事业的飞速发展。目前我国BIM从业者围绕“BIM究竟是什么?”和“究竟什么可以称为BIM?”两个问题产生了智能模拟论、数字化表达论、技术论、BIM多元论等多种论点。智能模拟论、数字化表达论、技术论、BIM多元论虽然基本包含了BIM现有的外延,实现了对BIM争议的表层统一,却既不能在逻辑上解释BIM多元共存的现象,也不能预测BIM未来的发展。对BIM的认知困境由此形成。

概念是通过对特征的独特组合而形成的知识单元①。……

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