果农辅助采摘装置在现阶段的发展前景

2020-08-07 05:35:31魏常武王曦杨李伟冯喆殷士恒
价值工程 2020年22期

魏常武 王曦杨 李伟 冯喆 殷士恒

摘要:随着生活水平的提高,经济的发展,国民生活条件逐步提高。国民对水果的需求量增大。而果树种植就涉及到了果实的采摘。传统的果实采摘过多的依赖人工,这也造成人力物力财力的大量浪费,不能实现更高效率的采摘。所以机械化采摘方式愈发的显得尤为重要。通过对果农采摘的需求,研发设计了果农辅助采摘器。做到一人一机,降低果农采摘水果的劳动量,提高了采摘效率,提升了水果完好率。极大地改善了传统采摘水果过程中的一些诟病。

Abstract: With the improvement of living standards and economic development, the living conditions of citizens have gradually improved, and the national demand for fruits has increased. The planting of fruit trees involves the picking of fruits. The traditional fruit picking relies too much on labor, which also causes a lot of waste of manpower, material and financial resources, and cannot achieve more efficient picking. Therefore, the mechanized picking method becomes more and more important. This paper developed and designed fruit farmer auxiliary pickers through the demand for fruit farmers' picking. It achieves one person and one machine, reduces the labor of fruit farmers to pick fruits, improves the picking efficiency and the fruit intact rate, and greatly improves some of the criticisms in the traditional fruit picking process.

關键词:机械化;采摘;发展前景;辅助

Key words: mechanization;picking;development prospects;assistance

中图分类号:S225.1                                     文献标识码:A                                  文章编号:1006-4311(2020)22-0236-04

0  引言

中国是水果生产销售大国,其中苹果、梨、橙等带有桔梗的水果,他们的产量在世界的水果产量的排名中也排在了前三的位置。经过测量计算,果园需要水果产业整体劳动力的35-45%。但是,果园的机械化程度在中国比较低。农业机械化在提高单位耕地面积的总农业产量、减少农业劳动力的使用、提高农业劳动生产率和优化农业结构方面发挥着重要作用。当前的采摘模式下主要有两种果树机械采摘方法,一种是机械式采摘,另一种是机械辅助式采摘。而中国机械化采摘一直存在着低效率、易损、果实机械输出损失大等问题。中国的果实产量主要集中在南方,这里由于山区地形制约,拖拉机驱动的大型收获机器的工作很困难。因此,便携式的果实采摘机就更为适合这样的环境。……

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