儿童预防接种副反应原因分析及对策

2020-10-19 19:48:51董淑美
健康大视野 2020年10期

董淑美

【摘 要】目的:分析儿童预防接种中出现副反应的原因,并探讨相应的预防对策。方法:选取2017年1月-2018年2月在我院接受预防接种的187例儿童为研究对象,分析儿童预防接种中出现副反应的类型及原因,并探讨相应的预防对策。结果:187例儿童预防接种副反应主要为发热红肿(51.72%)、皮疹硬节(31.03%)、全身红斑(10.34%)其他(6.90%);主要原因为疫苗接种时间不当(31.03%)、儿童体质因素(44.83%)、其他药物干扰(13.79%)、疫苗质量问题(6.90%),其他(10.34%)。结论:接种前详细询问儿童家属儿童的详细情况,接种史严格遵守相关规定及流程,同时严格无菌操作,及时发现并处理副反应等措施对减少儿童预防接种副反应的发生具有重要意义。

【关键词】预防接种;副反应;原因分析

【中图分类号】R426 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-0019(2020)10-005-01

Cause analysis and countermeasure of adverse reaction of children inoculation

Abstract:Objective:to analyze the causes of side effects in children's vaccinations and explore the corresponding preventive measures.Methods: from January 2017 to February 2018, 187 children who received preventive inoculation in our hospital were selected as the study objects, and the types and causes of adverse reactions in children's preventive inoculation were analyzed, and the corresponding preventive countermeasures were discussed.Results: The main side effects of vaccination in 187 children were fever, redness and swelling (51.72%), rash, sclerotium (31.03%) and erythema (10.34%) (6.90%). The main reasons were improper vaccination time (31.03%), physical factors of children (44.83%), interference of other drugs (13.79%), quality problems of vaccine (6.90%), and other (10.34%).Conclusion: it is of great significance for reducing the incidence of adverse reactions in children to ask the family members of children about the detailed situation of children before inoculation, strictly observe the relevant regulations and procedures, strictly aseptic operation, and timely detect and deal with adverse reactions.

Key words:inoculation; The adverse event. Cause analysis

兒童预防接种是帮助儿童预防疾病侵袭的重要手段,但在接种后儿童常常会出现一些副反应,而这些副反应可轻可重,轻者可导致儿童不适,重者可危急儿童生命安全。因此,为尽量避免副反应的发生,就必须加强及时采取相应的预防措施[1]。本研究探讨了在我院接受预防接种的187例儿童副反应发生的原因,并提出了相应的预防对策,旨在提高儿童预防接种的有效性和安全性。现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 临床资料

选取在我院接受预防接种而出现副反应的187例儿童为研究对象,其中男101例,女86例,年龄分布:1-7岁,年龄均值(4.12±0.34)岁.所有患儿家属军知悉本次研究并自愿参与,排除临床资料不完整者、存在严重、心肝肾等疾病者以及其他影响接种效果疾病者。……

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