摘要:新闻生产研究一直是学界关注的重要议题,尤其在新闻模式转变的新媒体语境下更是如此。文章聚焦新闻生产研究的发轫及演进过程,探讨新闻生产研究中的学科路径,分析其断裂与延续的现状,并对新闻生产的本土化进行了反思和展望。研究认为,新闻生产研究在其历史演进中形成了以新闻生产社会学为主导的三个学科路径。虽然目前的研究容易走向结构功能主义的老路,但是,新闻生产个案研究越来越受到重视,经济、文化和技术研究视角受到更多关注且新闻生产本土化研究逐渐向本土研究发展,这些研究趋势值得我们期待。
关键词:新闻生产;历史演进;学科路径;本土化发展
中图分类号:G206文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-1101(2021)06-0080-06
基金项目:安徽省新文科改革项目(2020wyxm081)
作者简介:陶荣婷(1984-),女,安徽淮南人,讲师,硕士,研究方向:新闻传播学、文化社会学。
Historical Evolution and Localization of News Production Research
TAO Rongting
(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)
Abstract:The research on news production has always been an important issue of academic concern, especially in the context of new media with the transformation of news mode. The article focuses on the origin and evolution of news production research, discusses the disciplinary path in news production research, analyzes the current situation of its rupture and continuation, and reflects and prospects the localization of news production. The research holds that the study of news production has formed three disciplinary paths dominated by sociology of news production in its historical evolution. Although the current research tends to go the old way of structure and functionalism, the case study of news production is getting more and more attention, the research perspective of economy, culture and technology is getting more and more attention, and the research on the localization of news production is gradually developing to the local research. These research trends are worth looking forward to.
Key words:news production;historical evolution;disciplinary path;localized development
在人类社会的形成与发展过程中,新闻传播活动的重要性毋庸置疑。约翰·杜威(John Dewey)认为“社会不仅因传递(transmission)与传播(communication)而存在,更确切地说,它就存在于传递与传播中。”[1]盖伊·塔奇曼(Gaye Tuchman)则提出“新闻是人们了解世界的窗口”,但“新闻这个框架本身也有自己的问题。”[2]30新闻这个框架本身的问题究竟是什么?它又因何产生?或者说,新闻作为一种“情境化知识”,特定的社会、政治、經济或文化等又是如何影响新闻生产实践的呢?这些其实都是“新闻生产”研究关注的重要议题。
一、新闻生产研究历史进路及经典著述……