韩永璞 雷成军



摘要:以母本华矮11、父本华大麦6号和华矮11/华大麦6号122个株系的DH群体为研究对象,通过调查耐寒相关形态指标来选择耐寒性强的大麦株系。结果表明,大麦苗期幼苗匍匐性越好,其耐寒性也越强,更能安全度过低温寒害;返青期前,SPAD值与其耐寒程度呈显著正相关;成熟期空秕率、产量与SPAD值相关性不显著,说明该株系的耐寒性遗传受多种数量基因的影响。
关键词:大麦;新矮源;华矮11;耐寒性;匍匐性;SPAD值
中图分类号:S512.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2021)04-0056-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.04.014
Study on Cold Tolerance of Huaai 11 in Barley New Dwarf Germplasm
HAN Yongpu, LEI Chengjun
(Tianzhu Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tianzhu Gansu 733299, China)
Abstract:The DH population of 122 lines of female Huaai 11, male Huadamai 6 and Huaai 11/Huadamai 6 was used as the research objects. The barley lines with strong cold tolerance were selected by investigating the morphological indexes related to cold tolerance. The research indicates that the better the creeping ability of barley seedlings, the stronger the cold tolerance at the seedling stage, and the better the safety to survive the cold injury; SPAD value was positively correlated with cold tolerance degree before the greening stage. There was no significant correlation between empty abortive rate, yield and SPAD value at maturity stage, indicating that the cold tolerance heredity of this strain was affected by a variety of quantitative genes.
Key words:Barley;New dwarf germplasm;Huaai 11;Cold tolerance;Creeping;SPAD value
大麥作为世界上第四大谷类作物,其种质资源丰富,变种类型多样,通常被视为喜冷凉性作物。低温会导致大麦产生多方面的损害,而其中光合作用就是最为显著的一方面。首先低温会直接影响叶绿体内囊体膜结构,进而影响光合电子传递链的完整性,从而使得叶绿素含量合成受阻。叶绿素是植物光合作用中吸收光的主要色素,是植物固定光能过程的第一步,最终导致光系统Ⅰ、光系统Ⅱ和光化学反应与暗反应过程中涉及的酶系统产生抑制甚至伤害,为弥补在低温环境下所受的影响,就必须提高光合作用效率。借助高光合作用才能提供大麦用以克服低温环境所需的能量,从而协调平衡代谢源库关系[1 - 2 ]。研究证明,在植物体内叶绿素含量处于不断合成和分解的动态平衡,如果植物的光合机能被破坏,植物就会萎蔫枯黄甚至死亡[3 ],因此借助测定叶绿素含量可以间接鉴别出大麦的耐寒性强弱。……