浅析格律诗吟诵的优势局限和《诗经》吟诵的未来

周晶

摘  要：诗歌，因为格律的介入，在其发展上分化成古体诗和近体诗，有严格格律要求的是格律诗，所以近体诗又叫格律诗。徐健顺、陈琴老师的“亲近母语”活动，掀起了中国内地一股吟誦热。格律诗吟诵是目前诗歌吟诵的主要方式，以平长仄短为特征。我们虽然有格律诗吟诵的文化土壤，但格律诗吟诵因为四声在现代汉语的断裂和古代汉语方言的式微，让格律诗吟诵在诗歌推广教学的道路上越走越窄。而以《诗经》为范本的吟诵，无疑打开了吟诵的开窗，看到了吟诵更广阔的未来。

关键词：格律诗  吟诵  平仄  四声

中图分类号：G633.3          文献标识码：A            文章编号：1672-3791（2021）02（a）-0254-03

An Analysis of the Advantages and Limitations of the Recitation of Metrical Poems and the Recitation of The Book of Songs

ZHOU Jing

（Shenzhen Longhua District Foreign Language School，Shenzhen， Guangdong Province，518000 China）

Abstract： Poetry， due to the intervention of metrical poems， has differentiated into archaic poems and modern poems in its development. It is metrical poems that have strict metric requirements， so modern-style poems are also called metrical poems. Xu Jianshun and Chen Qin's "Get Close to Mother Tongue" activity has set off a chanting craze in mainland China. Metrical poetry recitation is the main method of poetry recitation at present， which is characterized by flatness， longness and shortness. Although we have the cultural soil for the recitation of metric poetry， because of the break of the four tones in modern Chinese and the decline of ancient Chinese dialects， metrical poetry recitation has become narrower and narrower in the promotion and teaching of poetry. And the recitation with The Book of Songs as a template undoubtedly opened the window of recitation and saw a broader future for recitation.

Key Words： Metric poem; Recite; Flat; Four tones

1  格律诗吟诵的土壤

1.1 格律诗的民间传承

格律诗吟诵在当今时代兴起并非偶然。它距离当代虽然久远，但我们对之并不陌生。这要源于唐诗的卓越成就和民间传承。自古至今，唐诗不仅仅被历代文人传诵模仿，在乡间村落也广泛流传，我们在语言上的启蒙，也都首选《唐诗三百首》，我们的学业也在唐诗中穿梭来去。这种深厚的民间传承，给吟诵以丰厚的土壤支持。

1.2 统一标准的力量汇聚

严格规定的格律也利于创作统一的标准和符号去标识吟诵，去学习去掌握，从而能汇聚形成一定的气候，不至于各立门户难成腔调。因此，现时代选择绝句律诗作为吟诵的篇目，是有深厚的文化氛围、文化土壤和现实情境的。

2  格律诗吟诵的“高阁”

这股吟诵热在内地教育领域此起彼伏，但离普及却还有很大一段距离。……