基于GIS和层次分析法的福州国家森林公园生态敏感性评价

彭特 刘健行 邓传远

摘 要：【目的/意义】生态敏感性分析对于生态建设规划有着重要的意义，在综合分析福州国家森林公园生态敏感性的基础上，针对不同敏感区提出相应优化建议策略，为福州国家森林公园今后生态规划建设提供参考。【方法/过程】以福州国家森林公园为研究区域，根据福州国家森林公园的特征，选取坡度、高程、坡向、土地利用类型、植被覆盖度、水域缓冲6个因子作为生态敏感性的评价指标，利用层次分析法（AHP）得到评价因子权重，结合GIS的加权叠加工具完成研究区的生态敏感性综合评价。【结果/结论】结果表明：福州国家森林公园不敏感区、轻度敏感区、中度敏感区、重度敏感区、极度敏感区占研究区总面积分别为0.71%、27.68%、35.20%、27.18%、9.23%。可见研究区域敏感性主要集中在轻度敏感到重度敏感，并根据分析结果提出相应规划建议。

关键词：生态敏感性;福州国家森林公园;敏感性评价;GIS;层次分析法（AHP）

中图分类号：P208;X826文献标志码：A文章编号：1637-5617（2021）01-0079-07

Ecological Sensitivity Evaluation of Fuzhou National Forest Park Based on GIS and Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

PENG Te， LIU Jian-xing， DENG Chuan-yuan

（College of Landscape Architecture， Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou， Fujian 350002， China）

Abstract： 【Objective/Meaning】The analysis of ecological sensitivity is of great significance for the ecological construction planning. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the ecological sensitivity of Fuzhou National Forest Park， the corresponding optimization strategies for different sensitive areas were put forward， so as to provide reference for the future ecological planning and construction of Fuzhou National Forest Park.【Methods/Procedures】By taking Fuzhou National Forest Park as the research area， according to the characteristics of Fuzhou National Forest Park， six factors including slope， elevation， aspect， land use type， vegetation coverage， and water buffer were selected as the evaluation indicators of ecological sensitivity. Then，the  Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） was used to get the weight of evaluation factors， and the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological sensitivity of the research area was completed by combining with the weighted overlay tool of GIS. 【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the insensitive area， lightly sensitive area， moderately sensitive area， severely sensitive area， and extremely sensitive area in Fuzhou National Forest Park accounted for 0.71%， 27.68%， 35.20%， 27.18%， and 9.23% of the total research area. It could be seen that the sensitivity of the research area was mainly concentrated in the light sensitivity to the severe sensitivity， and the corresponding planning suggestions were put forward according to the analysis results.Key words： ecological sensitivity; Fuzhou National Forest Park; sensitivity evaluation; GIS;Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）

森林公园作为城市生态资源较为重要的一部分，具有重要的生态价值和旅游价值。近年来随着人民生活水平的提高以及国家对于加强生态文明建设的号召，森林旅游业也得到了迅猛的发展，为了更好地建设森林公园，对其进行科学分析并合理的规划显得尤为重要，利用地理信息技术结合生态敏感性分析就是一种高效科学的方法。生态敏感性是生态系统对内外因素综合作用所引起的环境变化响应程……