基于ACAT1/ABCA1信号分子探讨牛奶对 金黄地鼠皮脂分泌的影响

吴淑辉 朱明芳 张曦 刘娟 张杜

〔摘要〕 目的 探討牛奶对金黄地鼠皮脂分泌的影响及其作用机制。方法 将18只金黄地鼠随机分为空白组、全脂牛奶组、脱脂牛奶组，每组6只。空白组不予任何干预措施，全脂牛奶组予全脂牛奶灌胃，脱脂牛奶组予脱脂牛奶灌胃，2.5 mL/次，2次/d。于干预后第0、7、14、21、28天测量金黄地鼠双侧皮脂腺斑面积及厚度;并采用免疫组化法检测金黄地鼠皮脂腺斑ACAT1/ABCA1信号分子表达水平;采用HE染色观察皮脂腺斑病理组织学变化。结果 各组间皮脂腺斑面积无明显差异（P>0.05）;与空白组相比，全脂牛奶组及脱脂牛奶组皮脂斑厚度明显增厚，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与空白组相比，全脂牛奶组ACAT1 OD值明显升高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;各组间ABCA1 OD值无明显差异（P>0.05）。与空白组相比，全脂牛奶组及脱脂牛奶组金黄地鼠皮脂腺腺体肥大，数量较多，呈分叶状分布，排列紧密。结论 牛奶可能通过ACAT1信号分子调控皮脂脂质分泌。

〔关键词〕 牛奶;金黄地鼠;皮脂腺斑;ACAT1;ABCA1

〔中图分类号〕R275      〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2021.05.007

Effects of Milk on Sebum Secretion in Golden Hamsters Based on ACAT1/ABCA1

Signaling Molecules

WU Shuhui， ZHU Mingfang*， ZHANG Xi， LIU Juan， ZHANG Du

（The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine， Changsha， Hunan 410005， China）

〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the effect and possible mechanism of milk on sebaceous gland spot of golden hamsters. Methods 18 golden hamsters were randomly divided into the blank group， whole milk group， skim milk group and control group， with 6 rats in each group. The blank group was not given any intervention measures. The whole milk group was given whole milk by gavage， and the skim milk group was given skim milk by gavage， 2.5 mL/time， twice a day. The area and thickness of bilateral sebaceous glands of golden hamsters were measured at 0， 7， 14， 21 and 28 days after intervention. The expression levels of ACAT1/ABCA1 signaling molecules in the sebaceous spots of golden hamsters were detected by immunohistochemistry. The histopathological changes of sebaceous spots were observed by HE staining. Results The sebaceous gland spots sizes in groups didnt show great significance （P>0.05）. Compared with the blank group， the thickness of sebaceous spots in the whole milk group and skim milk group was increased significantly， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The expression of ACAT1 in whole milk group was significant higher than that in blank group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. There were no differences in the optical density （OD） of ABCA1 among groups （P>0.05）. Compared with the blank group， sebaceous gland spot of golden hamsters in the whole milk group and the skim milk group were hypertrophic and more numerous， with lobulated distribution and close arrangement. Conclusion Milk may regulate sebum lipid secretion through ACAT1 signaling molecule.

空白組皮脂腺叶无明显分叶结构，排列较为疏松，厚度较全脂牛奶组及脱脂牛奶组略薄;与空白组相比，全脂牛奶组及脱脂牛奶组皮脂腺腺体肥大，数量较多，呈分叶状分布，排列紧密。见图2。

3 讨论

痤疮发病机制复杂多样，遗传背景下激素诱导的皮脂腺过度分泌脂质、毛囊皮脂腺导管角化异常、痤疮丙酸杆菌等毛囊微生物增殖及炎症和免疫反应等与之相关，其中皮脂腺过度分泌脂质被认为是痤疮发生的前提条件，皮脂过分泌在痤疮中发挥重要作用[14]。本课题组前期对长沙……