12个甜玉米新品种在大田县的筛选与鉴定

摘 要：為筛选适合大田县推广种植的高产、优质、抗病甜玉米新品种，2020年引进12个甜玉米新品种在大田县桃源镇及广平镇试验点试种，以粤甜16为对照（CK），综合考察各品种的产量、产值、生育期、植株主要性状及抗病性等。结果表明：闽甜736、荟甜188、闽甜6855每667 m2产量分别为1391.7、1271.7、1238.4 kg，分别比对照增产28.7%、17.6%、14.5%;3个品种抗病性好，高产稳产，综合表现佳，建议扩大示范推广应用。雪甜7401皮嫩，口感好，甜度高，有牛奶味，食味佳，商品性好，建议作为水果玉米特色品种开发推广应用。萃甜616、萃甜618产量位居第2、3位，但秃尖明显，商品性较差;粤甜26号穗位较高、穗行数偏多、籽粒偏小;粤甜28号籽粒偏小;珍甜368叶片平展，有秃尖，产量较低;闽双色6号中感叶斑病，产量较低;以上6个品种建议继续试验、示范。珍白甜6号、双甜2018每667 m2产量均低于1000 kg，比对照减产15.3%、20.0%，产量低，穗棒短小，建议不在本地示范推广种植。

关键词：甜玉米;新品种;对比试验;筛选

中图分类号：S 513   文献标志码：A   文章编号：0253-2301（2021）05-0050-07

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.05.010

Screening and Identification of 12 New Varieties of Sweet Corn in Datian County

WEI Chu-shi

（Datian County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Sanming， Fujian 366100， China）

Abstract： In order to select the new varieties of sweet corn with high yield， high quality and disease resistance suitable for the extension and cultivation in Datian County， 12 new varieties of sweet corn were introduced to be planted experimentally in Taoyuan Town and Guangping Town of Datian County in 2020. By taking Yuetian 16 as the control group （CK）， the yield， output value， growth period， main characters of plant and disease resistance of each variety were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that the yields of Mintian 736， Huitan 188 and Mintian 6855 were 1391.7， 1271.7 and 1238.4 kg per 667 m2， respectively， which were increased by 28.7%， 17.6% and 14.5% compared with the control group， respectively. The three varieties had good disease resistance， high and stable yield， and good comprehensive performance， so it was suggested to expand the demonstration and application. Xuetian 7401 had tender pericarp， good taste， high sweetness， milk flavor， and good commodity， which was suggested to be developed and popularized as the characteristic variety of fruit corn. The yields of Cuitian 616 and Cuitian 618 ranked the second and the third， respectively， but the bald tips of them were obvious and the commodities were poor. Yuetian No.26 had higher ear position， more ear rows and smaller grains. Yuetian No.28 had smaller grains. Zhentian 368 had smooth leaves， bald tip， and low yield. Minshuangse No.6 was moderately susceptible to leaf spot disease and its yield was low. Therefore， the above 6 varieties were suggested to continue the experiment and demonstration. However， the yields of Zhenbaitian No.6 and Shuangtian 2018 were both lower than 1000 kg per 667 m2， which were decreased by 15.3% and 20.0% compared with the control group， respectively. Due to the low yield and short ear stick， they were not recommended to be demonstrated and popularized in local area.

Key words： Sweet corn;New varieties;Comparative trial;Screening

甜玉米又称水果玉米，生、熟食均可，蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪等营养成分含量均高于普通玉米，并且含有多种维生素和矿物质，具有很高的营养品质和经济价值[1-3]。与普通玉米相比，甜玉米因其生长期短、经济效益高等特点而受到广大种植户欢迎[4-6]。随着我国经济的发展和人民生活水平不断提高，甜玉米的消费和生产越来越受到人们的青睐，高品质鲜食甜玉米的市场销量不断增加[7-9]。近年来，由于甜玉米种植效益高，大田县鲜食甜玉米种植面积逐年增加。……