努尔阿力亚?努尔 王成军



摘 要:重视和提高农业生产要素的配置效率是我国传统农业向现代农业转变的关键,如何合理有效地利用有限的农业资源,改进农业生产要素配置效率,已成为我国农业发展中亟待解决的问题。基于此,通过回顾农业生产要素配置效率的相关文献,总结不同学者对农业生产要素配置效率的概念界定、测算方法,评述国内外的研究现状,提出改善农业生产要素配置效率的研究展望。
关键词:农业现代化;生产要素配置效率;现状;展望
中图分类号:F 327 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253-2301(2021)05-0057-06
DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.05.011
Present Situation and Prospect: Allocation Efficiency of Agricultural Production Factors
Nuraliya·Nur, WANG Cheng-jun*
(College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China)
Abstract: Paying attention to and improving the allocation efficiency of agricultural production factors is the key to the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in our country. How to rationally and effectively make use of the limited agricultural resources and improve the allocation efficiency of agricultural production factors has become an urgent problem to be solved in the development of agriculture in China. Based on this, by reviewing the relevant literature on the allocation efficiency of agricultural production factors, the concept definition and calculation methods of different scholars on the allocation efficiency of agricultural production factors were summarized, and the research status at home and abroad was reviewed, and finally the research prospect of improving the allocation efficiency of agricultural production factors was put forward.
Key words: Agricultural modernization;Allocation efficiency of production factors;Present situation;Prospect
如今,我國正处于传统农业向现代农业转型中,在向现代农业转型的过程中,重视和提高农业生产要素配置效率是农业发展战略的转折点。因此,如何合理有效地利用有限的农业资源,改进农业资源配置效率,已成为我国农业发展中亟待解决的问题[1]。在此背景下,农业经济增长的提高、农民收入的增加、城乡差距的缩小、农业现代化的实现,主要依赖于农业生产要素配置效率的提高。随着非农就业机会的增多,农村也面临着“地由谁来种”的问题,从而导致农业生产要素的重构问题[2]。
我国一直高度关注农业现代化发展,从2004年起,中共中央、国务院连续18年的一号文件中指出改变农业发展方式是未来加快农业现代化的根本途径。2017年中央一号文件中明确指出“要进一步促进农业供给侧结构改革,始创农业现代化新局面”。农业供给侧结构性改革的实质是在劳动力、资本等传统要素的基础上,促进农业要素的合理流动和优化重组,从而优化要素配置结构,提高生产率[3]。……