大学生合作、竞争人格倾向与攻击性的关系

于格 卢晓灵

摘要目的：探究大学生的合作、竞争人格倾向与攻击性的关联。方法：采用随机整群抽样的方法，使用“合作与竞争人格倾向测量量表”和“攻击性人格特征量表”对六盘水师范学院多个专业的1098名学生进行了问卷调查。结果：四种人格类型中，高竞争者、高合争者、低合争者、高合作者的攻击性逐次下降;回归分析发现，过度竞争、超越他人因子可正向预测攻击性，合群意愿可负向预测攻击性水平。结论：过度竞争、合群意愿、超越他人可以预测个体的攻击性水平，应引导大学生合理利用竞争意识，并注重培养团队精神和合作能力。

关键词大学生;合作;竞争;攻击性

中图分类号：G444文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.34.048

Association between Cooperation，Competition Personality Tendency and Aggression among College Students

YU Ge，LU Xiaoling

（Liupanshui Normal University，Liupanshui，Guizhou 553004）

AbstractObjective：To explore the correlation between cooperative and competitive personality tendency and aggression of college students. Methods：Using the method of random cluster sampling，1098 students from various majors in Liupanshui Normal University were investigated by the Cooperative and Competitive Personality Tendency Scale and the Aggressive Personality Characteristics Scale. Results：Among the four types of cooperative and competitive personality types，the order of aggressiveness was high competitor，high cooperation - competitors，low cooperation - competitors and high cooperator. The regression analysis showed that the factors of excessive competition and surpassing others could positively predict the level of aggression，while the willingness to fit in could negatively predict the level of aggression. Conclusion：Over competition，willingness to fit in，and outdoing others could predict an individual's level of aggression. College students should be guided to make use of competitive consciousness reasonably and pay attention to cultivating team spirit and cooperation ability.

Keywordscollege students;cooperation;aggression;competitive personality

合作與竞争是当下这个时代的主题，也是最常见、最普遍的一种社会现象。竞争与合作既可以视作一种外在情境性因素，也是一种稳定、独立的个体性倾向，构建了人格底色，潜移默化地影响着社会行为、人际互动、社会适应。例如，竞争性较强的个体有着较为强烈的求生欲和社会对比心态，注重输赢成败，追求成功，也更容易受到结果的影响，产生受挫等消极心理;[1]合作性较强的个体性格更为顺从，不容易与他人产生矛盾冲突。[2]以往研究关注了合作、竞争两种人格倾向与攻击行为之间的关联，发现合作倾向较强的个体，攻击行为水平往往较低，竞争人格倾向较强的个体，攻击行为水平往往较高，两种人格与攻击行为的关联呈相反的趋势，[3]其他研究也支持了这个论点。……