


摘 要:将银耳蒂头制成超微粉,添加到制作面包原料中制成银耳蒂头面包。以感官评分为指标,研究银耳蒂头超微粉添加量、酵母添加量、水分添加量对银耳蒂头面包感官评分的影响。在单因素试验基础上,采用模糊数学综合评价法,通过Box-Benhnken响应面法对银耳蒂头面包工艺配方进行优化。结果表明:银耳蒂头面包制作最佳制作工艺配方(以占高筋面粉百分比计算)为高筋面粉300 g(100%)、银耳蒂头超微粉31.32 g(10.44%)、细砂糖60 g(20%)、黄油24 g(8%)、酵母3.99 g(1.33%)、食盐1.8 g(0.8%)、鸡蛋液36 g(12%)、水138.39 g(46.13%)。采用該最佳制作工艺配方生产的银耳蒂头面包外表呈金黄色,外形饱满,表面光滑,具有面包特有的香味,手感柔软有弹性,口感柔软,不黏牙。
关键词:银耳蒂头;面包;模糊数学;感官评价
中图分类号:TQ 281 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253-2301(2021)08-0017-07
DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.08.003
Process Optimization of Bread Made from Tremella Fuciformis Pedicle byFuzzy Mathematical Comprehensive Evaluation Method
CHEN Ru-cai
(Fujian Business University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350012, China)
Abstract: The Tremella fuciformis pedicle was made into the ultramicro-pulverised powder, and added into the bread-making materials to make the bread of Tremella fuciformis pedicle. By using the sensory score as the indicators, the effects of the additive amount of ultramicro-pulverised powder, yeast and water on the sensory score of the bread made from Tremella fuciformis pedicle were studied. Based on the single factor experiment, the fuzzy mathematical comprehensive evaluation method was used to optimize the technical formula of the bread made from Tremella fuciformis pedicle by Box-Benhnken response surface method. The results showed that the optimum formula of the bread made from Tremella fuciformis pedicle (calculated by the percentage of high protein flour) was as follows: high protein flour 300 g (100%), ultramicro-pulverised powder 31.32 g (10.44%), berry sugar 60 g (20%), butter 24 g (8%), yeast 3.99 g (1.33%), salt 1.8 g (0.8%), egg liquid 36 g (12%), water 138.39 g (46.13%). The bread made with the best formula was golden in appearance, full in shape, smooth in surface, soft and elastic in touch, soft in taste, with the unique flavor of bread.
Key words: Tremella fuciformis pedicle; Bread; Fuzzy mathematics; Sensory evaluation
银耳蒂头是银耳加工过程中去除的下脚料,其质地较硬、商品价值低,目前主要作为饲料或废弃物丢弃。经张李躬[1]测定,银耳蒂头中的蛋白质、粗多糖、矿物质等营养物质含量比银耳子实体中的蛋白质、粗多糖、矿物质含量分别高58.4%、56.7%、125%。因此,银耳蒂头的营养价值超过了银耳子实体的营养价值,具有较高的开发价值。银耳主要生长在亚热带地区,四川省通江县和福建省宁德市是最主要的产区,根据宁德市统计局公布的数据,2018年仅宁德市银耳产量就超过4万t。如此巨大数量的银耳在加工过程中所丢弃的银耳蒂头的数量也是十分巨大,如能够进行合理的加工利用,将会产生巨大的经济效益和环保效益。……