术语的认知整合

2022-07-08 06:28:44彭懿张雪莹肖晨星
中国科技术语 2022年3期

彭懿 张雪莹 肖晨星

摘 要:在术语的知识导向型研究中,學者围绕不同专业领域的术语知识表征先后推出系列概念模型。然而,此类研究并未明确兼顾术语的已有定义和实际使用语境,也未充分探索概念框架以外与术语相关的认知结构与建构。新近提出的认知整合模型是对这两点不足的尝试补充,在框架语义学与认知语言学基础上,改良了事件域认知模型,引入了概念隐喻、概念转喻、概念整合认知机制,兼顾术语的已有专业释义和实际使用语境进行研究。将其应用于探析中国绿茶定名,结果表明该模型能有效充实术语的知识表征与建构,有助于术语的理解与使用。

关键词:术语;认知整合模型;知识表征与建构;绿茶定名

中图分类号:H083;C04  文献标识码:A  DOI:10.12339/j.issn.1673-8578.2022.03.003

Terminology from the Cognitive Integrated Perspective//PENG Yi, ZHANG Xueying, XIAO Chenxing

Abstract: In the knowledge-driven study of terminology, scholars have successively put forward a series of conceptual models with regard to knowledge representation of terminology in different specialized fields. However, these studies have not explicitly taken into account the existing definitions and actual usage contexts of terms, nor have they fully explored the cognitive structures and constructions related to terms beyond the conceptual framework. The newly proposed Cognitive Integrated Model (CIM), which is built upon the basis of Frame Semantics and Cognitive Linguistics, is an attempt to supplement such two weaknesses. CIM takes into consideration both the existing professional definitions and actual usage contexts in which the terms are applied, examining not only the Event-Domain Cognitive Model but also conceptual metaphors, metonymies and blending. The use of CIM in analyzing Chinese green tea names demonstrates that the model can effectively enrich the knowledge representation and construction of terms.

Keywords: terminology; the Cognitive Integrated Model (CIM); knowledge representation and construction; green tea naming

收稿日期:2022-01-23  修回日期:2022-02-17

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目“术语知识视域下的中美生态环境话语对比研究”(21BYY089);湖南省社会科学基金项目“中美能源新闻话语的认知研究”(20YBA168)阶段性成果

引言

近二十年来,随着人们对术语价值的认识加深,术语研究的内容和路径日益充实和精进。从术语研究的内容而言,术语与概念知识及其之间的关系备受术语学界关注,相关研究往往聚焦于术语词汇(如L’Homme[1])、概念知识(如Faber[2])两个方向。但鉴于语言和知识的复杂性,词汇导向型与知识导向型的术语学研究,均存在进一步探索的空间。

本研究侧重探究术语的知识表征与建构。我们发现在这类研究中,学者们围绕不同专业领域的术语知识表征推出诸如海岸工程事件模型[3]和大气环境事件模型[4]等系列概念模型。……

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