袁媛+何叶荣



摘要:为应对煤炭库存加大、煤炭价格下降、煤炭企业亏损的煤炭经济新常态,响应国家 “清洁、节约、安全”的煤炭生产新要求,科学评价和有效提升大型煤炭企业生态竞争力。研究采用AHP方法构建大型煤炭企业生态竞争力评价指标体系,运用GREY方法和FUZZY方法建立评价模型,使用SPSS和MCE软件进行统计计算,对样本企业生态竞争力现状进行实证研究。研究表明样本企业的生态竞争力薄弱环节有其共性,在环境竞争力和生态管理竞争力指标表现弱。提出探索洁净煤技术,应用收灰抑尘装置,降低开采破坏性,建设生态企业文化,制定环保章程制度,完善生态管理流程的建议。
Abstract: In order to cope with the new normal economy of the increase of coal stocks, decline of coal prices and loss of coal enterprises, in response to the national new requirements of coal production "clean, saving, safe", it scientific evaluates and effectively enhances the ecological competitiveness of large coal enterprises. The AHP method is used to construct the evaluation index system of the ecological competitiveness of large coal enterprises. The evaluation model is set up by GREY method and FUZZY method, and the statistical calculation is carried out by using SPSS and MCE software, to make an empirical study on the current situation of the ecological competitiveness of the sample enterprises. The results show that the weak link of ecological competitiveness of sample enterprises has its generality, with weak performance indicators in environmental competitiveness and ecological management. This article puts forward the suggestions to explore the clean coal technology, apply dust collection and dust suppression device, reduce the mining damage, construct ecological culture, develop environmental rules, and improve the ecological management process.
关键词:大型煤炭企业;转型发展;生态竞争力;评价指标体系
Key words: large coal enterprises;transformation and development;ecological competitiveness;evaluation index system
中图分类号:F223 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2016)29-0248-03
0 引言
国务院发布《能源发展战略行动计划(2014-2020年)》,以“节约、清洁、安全”为战略指导思想,将现在至2020年视为中国能源行业发展转型的关键期。对煤炭的开采、洗选、加工、质量、发电、排污等做出具体要求,要求大力发展清洁高效能源。煤炭清洁化是煤炭行业发展的必然,煤炭清洁发展的内涵是生态高效可持续发展利用。面对市场和政策双重压力,大型煤炭企业应注重培养自身生态竞争力。
1 文献综评
C. K. Prahalad和Gary Hamel(1990)首次提出企业竞争力概念,将其定义为能给企业带来特殊利益的特殊技术或技能。Michael E. Porter(1995)利用数学模型分析竞争力,首次对竞争力进行定量分析。J.B Barney(2001)首次将资源观和竞争力结合,提出企业优质竞争力是能为企业获得关键性竞争优势的、有价值的、稀缺的、不可替代的战略性资源。……