陈明胜
【摘要】 目的 探讨下颌近中阻生智齿采取微创拔牙法拔除的效果。方法 66例接受下颌近中阻生智齿拔除术的患者, 随机分为对照组(给予传统拔牙方法拔牙)与观察组(采用微创拔牙法拔牙), 每组33例。观察两组手术效果。结果 观察组牙槽窝完整性评分、术后张口受限度、疼痛评分、肿胀度均显著低于对照组, 手术时间短于对照组, 差异均具有统计学意义(t=-8.17、-8.70、-9.00、-8.70、-18.56, P<0.05)。观察组患者术中根折、邻牙松动、舌侧骨板骨折、干槽癥发生率均显著低于对照组, 差异均具有统计学意义(χ2=4.26、4.00、4.26、4.00, P<0.05)。结论 下颌近中阻生智齿采取微创拔牙法拔除术后反应小, 并发症少, 具有推广价值。
【关键词】 阻生智齿;微创拔牙法;临床应用
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.21.016
Clinical application of minimally invasive extraction in removal of mesial impacted mandibular wisdom teeth CHEN Ming-sheng. Department of Stomatology, Zhaoqing Gaoyao District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhaoqing 526100, China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of minimally invasive extraction in removal of mesial impacted mandibular wisdom teeth. Methods A total of 66 patient with minimally invasive extraction were randomly divided into control group (receiving traditional extraction method) and observation group (receiving minimally invasive extraction), with 33 cases in each group. Surgical effect in two groups was observed. Results The observation group had significantly lower alveolar fossa integrity score, postoperative mouth opening limit, pain score and swelling degree than the control group, and shorter operation time than the control group. Their difference had statistical significance (t=-8.17, -8.70, -9.00, -8.70, -18.56, P<0.05). The observation group had significantly lower incidence of intraoperative root fold, adjacent teeth loose, lingual bone plate fractures and dry incision than the control group, and their difference had statistical significance (χ2=4.26, 4.00, 4.26, 4.00, P<0.05). Conclusion The extraction of mandibular mesial impacted wisdom teeth by minimally invasive extraction is less postoperative and complications, and it has promotion value.
【Key words】 Impacted wisdom teeth; Minimally invasive extraction; Clinical application
由于阻生智齿常引起冠周炎、骨髓炎、颌面间隙感染等多种并发症[1-3], 因此拔除阻生智齿尤为必要。下颌阻生智齿的拔除是口腔外科常见的手术之一, 因其解剖位置特殊, 位置隐蔽, 阻力大等因素造成手术难度较大。本研究中通过资料回顾性分析, 探讨下颌近中阻生智齿采取微创拔牙法拔除的效果, 现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1. 1 一般资料 选取66例于2014年5月~2015年12月期间本院行下颌近中阻生智齿拔除的患者, 患者均无拔牙禁忌证, 患者术前、术后均拍摄X线片, 患者均知情同意。将入选者随机分为对照组与观察组, 各33例。观察组中, 女15例, 男18例, 年龄18~37岁, 平均年龄(25.3±5.5)岁;对照组中, 女14例, 男19例, 年龄19~38岁, 平均年龄(25.6±5.1)岁。
两组患者性别、年龄等一般资料比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 具有可比性。
1. 2 方法 观察组采用微创拔牙法拔牙, 用高速涡轮牙钻将有阻力的牙冠去除, 之后用瑞典Direta公司生产的Original Luxato微创拔牙刀, 顺牙根方向从近中颊侧将牙根挺松, 用牙钳拔除。若为双根或多根, 可在分根后用牙挺分别挺出;……