高校教师教学能力与科研能力协调发展研究

孙晓雅 徐鑫

【摘 要】[目的/意义]当前高校教师重科研轻教学的现象十分普遍，教师教学能力与科研能力协调发展对满足教师职业发展需求和实现高校职能至关重要。[方法/过程]通过文献研究法，分析教师教学能力与科研能力失衡的现象，从政府与高校排名的宏观环境、高校教师绩效考评制度的中观层面和教师个人的微观层面探讨了教师重教学轻科研的成因。[结果/结论]宏观上，从政府应加大教育投入、建立多渠道教育经费筹措机制，高校排名需考虑高校特点和学科差异、设置惩罚机制；中观上，高校应建立科学的教师评价理念和评价体系；微观上，教师应加强师德修养，转变思路实现教学与科研能力协调发展。

【关键词】教学能力；科研能力；协调；高校排名；教师绩效评价

中图分类号： G463 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 2095-2457（2018）05-0090-003

【Abstract】[Purpose/Importance]The current phenomenon that college teachers pay more attention to research and teaching is very common.The coordinated development of teachers' teaching ability and scientific research ability is very important to meet the professional development needs of teachers and to realize the functions of colleges and universities. [Methods/procedures]Through the literature research method，the imbalance between teachers' teaching ability and scientific research ability was analyzed.The macro-environment of government and university rankings，the meso-level perspective of university teachers' performance evaluation system，and the micro level of teachers' individualism were used to discuss the teacher's re-teaching.The cause of light scientific research.[Results/Conclusion]Macroscopically，the government should increase educational investment and establish a multi-channel education financing mechanism.Colleges and universities need to consider the characteristics of universities and discipline differences，and set up a punishment mechanism；in middle schools，colleges and universities should establish a scientific teacher evaluation concept.And the evaluation system； microscopically，teachers should strengthen teachers' moral cultivation and change their thinking to achieve coordinated development of teaching and research capabilities.

【Key words】Teaching ability；Scientific research ability；Coordination； university rankings；Teacher performance evaluation

高校具有人才培養、科研创新以及为社会提供智力服务支持三大核心职能。其中教学与科研是高校两项最重要的职能，教师作为实现高校职能的唯一载体，肩负着教学工作与科研工作两项岗位职责。美国高等教育学家克拉克认为，在现代高等教育中，没有任何问题比教学与科研二者之间的关系更为根本。传统的观点认为教学与科研是一种互动关系，相长关系，教学可以促进科研，科研又反过来促进教学质量的提高[1]。然而在当前高校中，教师教学能力与科研能力并不呈现良性协同发展的态势，教师教学与科研能力失衡的情况十分普遍。……