卓越教师特征、成长规律及培养策略

王萍

摘 要：卓越教师所具备的品质热爱儿童、善于沟通；熟练教学、因材施教；终身学习。不断发展。从新手教师到卓越教师，对职业的认可和对教育的热爱是成为卓越的原动力；终身学习不断发展是成为卓越的必由之路；在成就卓越的路上关键事件关键人物能起到媒介作用。因此职前教师教育应重视培养卓越的潜能，培养卓越的品质，启动卓越的发动机。创造卓越的机会，搭建成功的平台，让关键事件和关键人物成为卓越的助推器。

关键词：卓越教师；卓越特征；教师教育；培养策略

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-000X（2018）03-0157-03

Abstract： The qualities of excellent teachers are loving children， being good at communication， being skilled in teaching， teaching students according to their aptitude， lifelong learning and continuous development. From novice teachers to excellent teachers， professional recognition and love for education are the main driving force for excellence. Lifelong learning and continuous development are the only way to become excellent. Key events and figures on the way to excellence can serve as a medium. Therefore， the education of pre-occupation teacher should be paid attention to cultivate the outstanding potential and quality， start the outstanding engine， create the excellent opportunities， build the successful platforms and make key events and key figures a great booster.

Keywords： excellent teachers； excellent characteristics； teacher education； training strategy

一、卓越教师特征及卓越教师培养计划的内涵

卓越，意味着超出于一般的、杰出的、完美的。有人从教师素养出发总结卓越教师的特征：具有高尚的职业道德、娴熟的教学技能、宽广的文化知识、良好的沟通能力。柳海民认为卓越教师理想的规格是“专业精神朴实高尚、专业知识融会贯通、专业能力卓著出色。”[1]黄露、刘建银从37位卓越教师的传记内容中提炼出“卓越教师”的特征为：“强烈的职业动力、先进的教育理念、独特的个人魅力、灵活的教学行为、高效的学生管理。”[2]毕景刚，韩颖认为卓越教师应该具备“高尚的师德师风、坚定的教育信念、敦厚的文化底蕴、丰富的知识结构、先进的教育思想、娴熟的教学技能、敏锐的实践与反思能力、自主的专业发展以及过强的创新能力。”[3]杨晓通过国内外卓越教师的研究总结出卓越教师的特征：“首先，‘卓越教师应有超凡的人格魅力。……