金宝辉 兰婷


摘要:中小企业是我国社会经济发展的重要组成部分,在其实施绿色供应链的过程中,存在着财务成本过高、失败风险过大、意识不强等问题,大部分消费者也缺乏环保意识和绿色消费观念。通过对中小企业的生存压力、环境管理法规的监管压力、企业社会责任和情怀的内部动力分析,构建中小企业实施绿色供应链的动力机制,政府要实施引导、扶持、监管的多重职能,以促进我国中小企业绿色供应链的健康、快速发展。
关键词:绿色供应链;动力机制;发展建议;中小企业
中图分类号:F276.3文献标志码:A
文章编号:2095-5383(2020)04-0070-05
Motivation Mechanism and Development Suggestions for the Small
and Medium-sized Enterprises to Implement Green Supply Chain
JIN Baohui1, LAN Ting2
(1.School of Economics & Management, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China; 2.POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610072, China)
Abstract:
The small and medium-sized enterprises are the important part of China's social and economic development. In the process of implementing the green supply chain, there are many problems such as high financial costs, high risk of failure and weak awareness, and most consumers also lack the environmental awareness and green consumption concepts. By analyzing the survival pressure of small and medium-sized enterprises, the supervision pressure of environmental management laws and regulations, and the internal power of the social responsibility and feelings of enterprises, the motivationmechanism of the implementation of green supply chain for small and medium-sized enterprises was constructed. The government should carry out multiple functions, such as guide, support and supervise, so as to promote the healthy and rapid development of green supply chain in small and medium-sized enterprises in China.
Keywords:green supply chain; motivation mechanism; development suggestion; small and medium-sized enterprises
根据国家市场监督管理总局统计数据,截至2018年底,我国共有企业3 474.2万户、个体工商户7 328.6万户、农民专业合作社217.3万户[1]。按照《统计上大中小微型企业划分办法(2017)》[2],中小企业数量占到了企业总数的90%以上,超过了3 100万户,大型企业不足350万户。2011年底我国共有各类企业1 253万户,其中中小企业数量约为1 000万户、大型企业约为253万户[3]。我国中小企业贡献了50%以上的税收、60%以上的GDP、70%以上的技术创新、80%以上的城镇劳动就业、90%以上的企业数量[4]。我国中小企业是国民经济和社会发展的生力军,是建设现代化经济体系、推动经济实现高质量发展的重要基础,是扩大就业、改善民生的重要支撑。
然而,我国中小企业普遍存在着资金有限、人才缺乏、管理水平不高、承担风险的能力较弱等问题,尽管国家的政策性支持在不断提高,但是企业生存的压力依然较大[5]。我国中小企业的生命周期短,能做强做大的企业廖廖无几。……