区块链技术赋能突发公共卫生事件治理

闫建 黄可歆

摘  要：区块链作为前沿信息技术能够有效弥补突发公共卫生事件治理中现存的缺憾。当前，区块链技术赋能突发公共卫生事件治理还存在一定的困难，其中公共信息化建設相对滞后是阻碍区块链技术和突发公共卫生事件治理融合发展的重要因素。为此，文章从区块链技术与突发公共卫生事件治理契合逻辑的理论支撑和实践层面提出区块链技术赋能突发公共卫生事件治理的创新路径，通过形成统一的数据治理模型、构建完善的数据监管体系、建立科学的数据评估机制，提升突发公共卫生事件治理能力。

关键词：突发公共卫生事件;区块链技术;治理

中图分类号：TP393.2;D630.8 文献标识码：A

DOI：10.19881/j.cnki.1006-3676.2021.04.07

Blockchain Technology Empowers the Management of Public Health Emergencies

Yan Jian  Huang Kexin

（Graduate Department，Party School of Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China，Chongqing，400041）

Abstract：Blockchain，as a cutting-edge information technology，can effectively compensate for the existing shortcomings in the management of public health emergencies. At present，there are still some difficulties in enabling blockchain technology to manage public health emergencies. The relatively lagging public information construction is an important factor hindering the integration and development of blockchain technology and public health emergencies management. To this end，the article proposes an innovative path for blockchain technology to empower the governance of public health emergencies from the logical theoretical support and practical level of the logic of the blockchain technology and the governance of public health emergencies，and through the formation of a unified data governance model，build a complete data supervision system and establish a scientific data evaluation mechanism to enhance the ability to manage public health emergencies.

Key words：Public health emergencies;Blockchain technology;Governance

党的十九届五中全会提出，加强数字社会、数字政府建设，提升公共服务、社会治理等数字化智能化水平。突发公共卫生事件为我国社会治理带来挑战，区块链作为前沿信息技术能够有效弥补突发公共卫生事件治理中现存的缺憾。目前，我国的公共信息化建设相对滞后，这导致区块链技术赋能突发公共卫生事件治理还存在一定困难。笔者将以此为切入点，探究区块链技术赋能突发公共卫生事件治理的创新路径。

一、文献综述

国外学界针对区块链技术助力突发公共卫生事件治理有大量的研究。“9·11”事件发生后，美国联邦应急管理局（Federal Emergency Management Agency简称“FEMA”）成立，西方发达国家也相继专设应急管理专属部门或机构，突发公共事件应急管理体系建设受到各国重视。……