浅析VR技术在实验动物解剖教学中的应用前景

冯旭飞 刘爵

摘  要：动物解剖学是研究动物体形态组成、结构分布和功能阐释的一门非常重要的兽医专业基础课程。传统的教学模式以理论学习和实验教学为主，然而理论教学枯燥乏味，实验教学需要较强的临床经验储备，制约了该课程教学质量的进一步提升。虚拟现实技术的发展让从事临床动物实验教学的教师看到了希望。将虚拟现实系统引入动物解剖教学，可以使学生对畜禽形态结构和功能进行更加直观、形象的认识，加强了相关理论知识的理解和掌握程度，有效了提高动物解剖实验的教学成果，有利于培养高素质的实践型兽医专业人才。但高额的经费投入限制了该技术在动物解剖教学中的大量推广和应用，因此，是否应该将虚拟现实技术引入实验动物解剖课程教学中，有待于进一步的评估和分析。该研究立足于近年来日益突出的传统实验动物解剖教学中的一些问题，从多方面全面分析了VR技术引入实验动物解剖教学中的优势和缺点，可为拟考虑将VR技术引入实验动物解剖教学的高校提供参考信息。

关键词：动物解剖;虚拟现实;教学成果;动物实验;标本模型;应用前景

中图分类号：G642       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）09-0088-04

Abstract： Animal anatomy is a very important basic course for veterinary medicine. It focuses on studying animal morphology， structure， tissue and organ distributions and their functions. Traditional teaching of this course consists of theoretical and experimental teaching. In general， theoretical teaching is boring and experimental teaching is dependent on experienced clinical teachers. These two factors restrict the improvement of teaching quality of the course. Development of virtual reality technology has given the teachers a new way to clinical experimental teaching. After entry of the virtual reality system into animal anatomy teaching， students can better understand the morphological structure， tissue and organ distributions and their functions of experimental animals， whereby strengthening the understanding and mastering of theoretical knowledge. It helps teachers improve animal experimental teaching. This will be beneficial to cultivating high-quality practical veterinary professionals. However， high fund limits a large-scale demonstration of this technology in animal anatomy teaching. Therefore， the application prospect of virtual reality technology in the experimental teaching of animal anatomy needs further evaluation and analysis. Based on some of the problems in traditional experimental teaching of animal anatomy that have become increasingly prominent in recent years， this research comprehensively analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of introduction of VR technology into experimental teaching of animal anatomy. The results can provide reference information for universities which considering of introduction VR into experiment teaching of animal anatomy.

Keywords： animal anatomy; virtual reality; teaching achievements; animal experiment; specimen model; application prospect

動物解剖学是农林院校动物医学专业学生课程学习中非常重要的专业基础课程之一。学生通过对各种动物的大体标本和模型进行观察，同时结合对实体动物的剖解，来获得各种动物组织形态、结构组成和位置、功能等信息，从而验证理论课程所学的知识点[1]。……