高职医护类专业分类分层分段式人才培养方案的研究与实践

摘  要：在扩招背景下，高职医护类专业由于招生途径不同、类别多样，导致入校新生的学习力和前置知识差异较大，同时，社会对医护人员素能需求也逐渐更高更广，传统的同质化、整齐划一的人才培养模式已不能适应学生个性化、差别化的学习需求，亟需构建基于生源多样化、需求多元化背景下的“三分”人才培养模式，践行培养对象分类、培养方式分层、培养目标分段，根据不同层次生源的不同特征及类别需求，分类施教、分层培养，建立符合高职自身运行特征的教学质量保证体系，提升医护类专业人才培养质量，全面提高学生职业能力。

关键词：生源多样化;高职人才培养方案;实践

中图分类号：C961       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）09-0177-04

Abstract： In the context of enrollment expansion， due to the different ways and categories of enrollment， the learning ability and pre knowledge of the freshmen in higher vocational education are quite different. The traditional homogeneous and uniform talent training mode cannot meet the personalized and differentiated learning needs of students， so it is urgent to build a "three point" talent training mode based on the diversity of students and practice the training. According to the different needs of different levels of students， we should teach students according to their aptitude and accurately， establish a teaching quality assurance system that conforms to the characteristics of higher vocational education， improve the training quality of medical professionals， and comprehensively improve the students' professional ability.

Keywords： talent training plan for diversified students; training plan of higher vocational talents; practice

隨着高职院校教学改革的不断深入，其招生模式也更为自主多样，医护类专业生源发生了很大的变化。相较于传统高考统招，高职院校通过对口单招及自主招生而来的应届生普遍存在学情差异明显，入学动机各异，整体学力下降等特征。囿于惯性使然，医护类专业人才培养模式方面的改革依然不能很好地适应这一新的变化。“标准化”培养模式同质化严重，“为教而教”的“适教课堂”依然盛行，这种为保证知识传授的规模和效率而强调教师主体作用的传统人才培养模式，虽然能完成知识较为全面的传授，也提高了教学效率，但是学生的个体发展却易被忽视，因不能兼顾因材施教而出现更多学业失败的所谓“差生”。……