薛泽雨



摘要 利用公众调查取得的信息,分析了圭塘河目前水污染状况及主要的污染原因。大部分受访居民认为圭塘河水质污染严重,水质污染从20世纪90年代开始恶化,并且入水量较以前减少。从水污染原因来看,多数居民认为是生活污水排放所致,也有部分居民认为是城镇化导致的地表改变所致。从环境保护措施上来看,目前政府应加大保护力度,除了加强垃圾、污水处理厂处理能力外,还需要从湘江或圭塘河引入清洁水,加大水量,以减少河水污染。
关键词 圭塘河;公众调查;环境保护;污水治理
中图分类号 X522 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)07-0061-03
Situation Analysis and Treatment Suggestions on Water Pollution of River Based on Public Investigation—Take Guitang River of Changsha City as an ExampleXUE Ze-yu
(No.1 Middle School of Xiangtan County, Changsha, Hunan 410012)
Abstract By using the information from public investigation, the current situations and the main causes on water pollution of Guitang River were analyzed. Most of the respondents think that water pollution of Guitang River became serious since the 1990s, and inflow water reduced than before. From the point of view of water pollution causes, the majority of residents recognized that domestic sewage discharge is the main reason, while some residents believe that the reason should be the change of the surface caused by urbanization. From the point of view of environmental protection measures, the government should increase the protection efforts. In addition to strengthening the capacity of garbage and sewage treatment, they also need to increase inflow water to reduce the water pollution by introducing the clean water from Xiangjiang or Guitang River.
Key words Guitang River;Public investigation;Environmental protection;Sewage treatment
圭塘河位于長沙市东南部,系浏阳河的一级支流,在汇入浏阳河前,圭塘河穿越了长沙大半个核心城区,是长沙唯一的城市内河。它发源于长沙县跳马乡石门村的石燕湖水库,在黎托乡花桥村汇入浏阳河,全程约28.3 km[1],控制流域面积125 km2。
圭塘河的历史记载最早可以追溯至五代的《异录记》,公元907年已作为灌溉水源开发利用。解放后,大兴水利和农田基本建设,对圭塘河进行了人工改造。从20世纪80年代初开始,随着周边乡镇企业的发展,特别是城市化进程的加快,圭塘河流域及两岸由原来的山林、村庄、农田被高楼大厦、道路工厂等代替,水质逐渐恶化,河流生态功能退化,景观功能丧失,严重影响城市形象[2]。
近年来,长沙市政府和雨花区政府对圭塘河水污染高度重视,投入大量资金用于河道污染治理与修复。据不完全调查,已实施中下游部分河道清淤、重金属治理、河堤护坡、绿化[2];……