新加坡《体育课程标准》的特点及启示

摘    要：運用文献研究法分析新加坡2017版的《体育课程标准》，发现其有如下特点：强调深度开发体育课程的育人价值，培养学生的核心素养;制定学生完成各年级体育课程学习后应取得的最低水平学习成绩;小学、中学和大学预科体育课程内容均设置为“必修必学+必修选学”，以此保证学生具备基础学力，同时为学校开设特色课程创造条件;大中小学体育课程一体化，小学强调掌握基本运动技能和4种运动概念，中学和大学预科强调学习体育项目，最终目标是促进学生终身参加体育锻炼;小学、中学和大学预科均将健康教育设为必修必学课，以促进学生形成健康的生活方式。对中国的启示：改革体育学科的育人方式，使体育学科落实学生发展核心素养的培养;运用OBE理念，构建各学段学业质量标准;以“必修必学+必修选学”方式制定课程内容，使课程设置的约束性与灵活性相结合;加强健康教育，使学生掌握养成健康生活方式的知识，提高体育教师健康教育教学的能力。

关键词：体育课程标准;核心素养;体育与健康课程;体育教学;新加坡

中图分类号：G 811.5          学科代码：040303           文献标识码：A

Abstract：Using literature review to analyze Physical Education Curriculum Standard （2017 Edition） in Singapore， the following features are found： It emphasizes the educational value of in-depth development of physical education curriculum and the cultivation of studentskey competencies. It formulates the minimum level of learning results that students should achieve after completing the physical education curriculum learning of each grade. The content of preparatory physical education courses in primary， middle school and university are set as “compulsory learning and compulsory elective learning”， which not only ensures the basic learning ability of students， but also create conditions for the school to set up characteristic curriculum content. It attaches importance to the integration of physical education curriculum in primary， secondary and tertiary education. In primary school， it emphasizes mastering basic sports skills and four kinds of sports concepts. In secondary school and college preparatory courses， it emphasizes learning sports events， and the ultimate goal is to promote students to take part in lifelong sports. Health education should be a compulsory course in primary schools， secondary schools and preparatory colleges， so as to promote students to form a healthy lifestyle. The enlightenments for China are as follows： reform the education mode of physical education so that physical education can cultivate the core competence for studentsdevelopment; using the concept of OBE to construct the academic quality standard of each learning stage; the curriculum content should be formulated in the way of “compulsory learning and compulsory elective learning”， so as to integrate the constraint and flexibility of the curriculum; strengthen health education， enable students to master the knowledge of developing a healthy lifestyle， and improve the ability of health education and teaching of physical education teachers.

Keywords：physical education curriculum standard; key competencies; physical education and health curriculum; physical education teaching; singapore

2017年新加坡实施新版《体育课程标准》[1]，体育课程开启基于学生“学习结果”的教育改革。新的教育模式更加强调学生完成每学年体育课程学习后“学到了什么”和“能做什么”，反向设计体育课程体系与教学环节。《体育课程标准》为各年级学生制定了最低水平学习结果，体育教师需要有计划、有步骤、有目标地实施单元教学，保证所有学生达到学习结果要求。……